{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T14:33:14Z","timestamp":1779114794862,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753315200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753315200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Arch Allergy Immunol"],"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;p&gt;Introduction: The first-line treatment for patients with Hymenoptera venom allergy, a potentially life-threatening condition, is venom immunotherapy (VIT). However, for reasons still unclear, honeybee VIT (HBV-IT) is less effective than yellow jacket VIT (YJV-IT). Methods: This retrospective monocentric study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of naturally composed Hymenoptera venom (NC-HV) in a rush protocol involving a high total venom dose and to compare the results with those previously obtained using size-excluded Hymenoptera venom (SE-HV). Data regarding the number of build-up cycles and maintenance of VIT with NC-HV were retrieved from institutional records. The VIT protection rate was determined by the results of the sting challenge test (SCT). Results: We evaluated 648 individuals treated with NC-HV and compared their results with data from 1,258 individuals treated with SE-HV. The frequency of systemic reactions (SRs) with NC-HV in HBV-IT was 25.6%, and that with YJV-IT was 10.1%. Compared with previous experience with SE-HV, the use of NC-HV was associated with an increased frequency of SRs (SR rates of HBV-IT 10.4 and YJV-IT 6.3%). The protection rate in HBV-IT, as determined by SCT, was 100% with NC-HV, which is notably higher than the 95.4% previously reported with SE-HV. The efficacy of YJV-IT was equivalent to 99.0% for NC-HV and 99.6% for SE-HV. Conclusion: Nearly complete protection was achieved with the NC-HV. The efficacy gap between HBV-IT and YJV-IT, which has limited VIT for decades, can be overcome with NC-HV in combination with a high total venom dose rush protocol. &lt;\/p&gt;<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000547194","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T16:02:32Z","timestamp":1753372952000},"page":"366-374","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Impact of Naturally Composed and Size-Excluded Hymenoptera Venom Preparations on the Safety and Efficacy of Venom Immunotherapy: A Monocentric Experience"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"187","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6305-6659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00f6rg","family":"Fischer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-4236-1846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lena","family":"L\u00f6ffelad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6465-0578","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula","family":"Kranert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9119-1970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manfred","family":"Kneilling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3543-4848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastian","family":"Volc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13262"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10071575"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins13090616"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5414\/ALX02420E"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2017.1323603"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-019-08752-x"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-54684-2"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13077"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.waojou.2024.100884"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000503965"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000509187"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.14209"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.14465"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.waojou.2019.100086"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACI.0b013e328339f2d1"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2016.02.014"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2024.07.023"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2000.105708"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18176\/jiaci.0967"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2013.06.001"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12275"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0063233"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.04.024"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.1993.tb00886.x"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2001.119154"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.14785"}],"container-title":["International Archives of Allergy and Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000547194","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T17:01:27Z","timestamp":1774371687000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000547194"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000547194","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"is-supplemented-by":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.29616878","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["1018-2438","1423-0097"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1018-2438","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0097","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]]}}}