{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T00:16:34Z","timestamp":1772151394795,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756425600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756425600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Case Rep Gastroenterol"],"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;p&gt;Introduction: Immune-mediated colitis (IMC) is a common and potentially severe immune-related adverse event of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Although corticosteroids and biologics are standard treatments, some cases remain refractory. Tofacitinib, a Janus kinase inhibitor, has shown promise in refractory IMC; however, evidence regarding its treatment effects remains limited. Case Presentation: Here, we present a case of pembrolizumab-induced IMC and duodenitis refractory to corticosteroids, infliximab, and vedolizumab. The patient was successfully treated after receiving a 30-day course of tofacitinib, which resulted in rapid symptom resolution and mucosal healing. No recurrence of colitis was observed 3 months after treatment cessation. Conclusion: As ICIs are increasingly used, the incidence of refractory IMC and other immune-related toxicities is expected to rise. This case highlights the need for further studies to establish the optimal use of tofacitinib in refractory IMC and duodenitis. &lt;\/p&gt;<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000547424","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T09:11:52Z","timestamp":1765357912000},"page":"621-629","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Successful Treatment of Refractory Immune-Mediated Colitis and Duodenitis with Tofacitinib"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9272-174X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noboru","family":"Misawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1815-4396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takuma","family":"Higurashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kojiro","family":"Inoue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hitomi","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shigeki","family":"Tamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7815-549X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masato","family":"Yoneda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chisa","family":"Hori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shoji","family":"Yamanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6263-1436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Atsushi","family":"Nakajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1003466"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1200690"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000001705"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2021-002435"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2002527"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.10.029"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.06.025"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgast-2022-000989"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12328-023-01826-6"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1212432"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd.2017.201"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(21)00377-0"}],"container-title":["Case Reports in Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000547424","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T09:11:55Z","timestamp":1765357915000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000547424"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000547424","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"is-supplemented-by":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.29589701","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["1662-0631"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1662-0631","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]]}}}