{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T14:40:29Z","timestamp":1772548829885,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759104000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759104000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nephron"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: &lt;sc&gt;L&lt;\/sc&gt;-Glutamine is increasingly used as a dietary supplement and its use is, as is the case with other amino acids, considered safe. &lt;sc&gt;L&lt;\/sc&gt;-Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in the human body and is involved in many metabolic reactions. Within the kidney &lt;sc&gt;L&lt;\/sc&gt;-glutamine has an important role in the generation of ammonia and bicarbonate. Case Presentation: We report a case of acute kidney injury (AKI) as a result of tubular damage in a patient who used 18 grams of &lt;sc&gt;L&lt;\/sc&gt;-glutamine on a daily basis. Possible mechanisms are proposed of which increased single nephron ammonia production and toxicity seems most likely cause of AKI. Conclusion: We advise cautious use of &lt;sc&gt;L&lt;\/sc&gt;-glutamine supplements in elderly patient with an already compromised kidney function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000548247","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T16:01:08Z","timestamp":1759161668000},"page":"47-51","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["L-Glutamine-Induced Acute Kidney Injury: A Clinical Observation"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"150","author":[{"given":"Soerajja","family":"Bhoelan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Serife","family":"K\u00fcr\u00fcl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charlotte G.","family":"Krol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dominque","family":"van Midden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rene","family":"Bakker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-009-0269-0"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33549\/physiolres.934790"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33549\/physiolres.934296"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12986-016-0072-3"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2021-147631"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1981.147"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.59566\/ijbs.2014.10036"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.c120010"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bmb.2004.494032050388"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI106987"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0272-6386(89)80200-8"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114006"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mutage\/gey023"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.113918"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci110921"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1980.70"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1975.57"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI105342"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2009.05.013"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/138.10.2045S"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1715971"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI112020"}],"container-title":["Nephron"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000548247","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000548247","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T10:41:13Z","timestamp":1772534473000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000548247"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000548247","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"is-supplemented-by":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.30225154","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["1660-8151","2235-3186"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-8151","type":"print"},{"value":"2235-3186","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]]}}}