{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T10:49:54Z","timestamp":1768560594482,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757894400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Digestion"],"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;p&gt;Background: Barrett\u2019s esophagus and its malignant progression to Barrett\u2019s adenocarcinoma are becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide, yet their underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Summary: The pathogenesis of Barrett\u2019s esophagus and Barrett\u2019s adenocarcinoma is multifactorial, involving environmental, genetic, and cellular factors. Chronic acid and bile reflux are well-established contributors, promoting cellular transformation in the esophageal epithelium. Obesity further exacerbates this risk, both indirectly by increasing reflux and directly via proinflammatory adipokines. Recent genetic studies have identified several genetic risk variants, with loss of p53 recognized as critical event in malignant progression. Moreover, the origin of Barrett\u2019s esophagus remains under investigation, with proposed sources including cells of esophageal submucosal glands, cells of gastric cardia, and circulating bone marrow-derived cells. Key Messages: The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying Barrett\u2019s esophagus and the development of Barrett\u2019s adenocarcinoma are still under active investigation. Understanding these mechanisms is essential for developing effective preventive and therapeutic strategies. &lt;\/p&gt;<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000548413","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T16:00:51Z","timestamp":1757952051000},"page":"15-23","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Etiology and Pathophysiology of Barrett\u2019s 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