{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T21:18:50Z","timestamp":1775164730216,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758499200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758499200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord Extra"],"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;p&gt;Introduction: Cutoff values for cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers vary by analytic technique and population, which complicates the differentiation of Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) from non-AD dementias. We aimed to establish local cerebrospinal fluid biomarker cutoffs within a Thai cohort. Materials and Methods: We recruited 68 patients with various forms of dementia from the Memory Clinic at Siriraj Hospital, Thailand. Each patient underwent clinical subtyping for dementia, and their cerebrospinal fluid levels of A\u03b242, p-tau181, and t-tau were quantified using the Fujirebio INNOTEST ELISA. We then employed a data-driven approach, specifically a Z-score-based Gaussian Mixture Model, to define intersection cutoffs for A\u03b242, p-tau181, t-tau, and the p-tau181\/A\u03b242 ratio. These established biomarker cutoffs were subsequently incorporated with clinical manifestations to refine the clinicobiological diagnoses. Results: Our study included 67 patients (mean age 65.5 \u00b1 7.4 years, 61.2% female). Using a data-driven approach, we established the following CSF biomarker cutoffs for identifying AD in this Thai cohort: A\u03b242 at 492.67 pg\/mL, p-tau181 at 44.00 pg\/mL, t-tau at 545.97 pg\/mL, and the p-tau181\/A\u03b242 ratio at 0.057. After incorporating these CSF biomarker results with clinical profiles, the diagnoses changed in 17.9% of the patients. Conclusions: In this study, CSF cutoffs for differentiating AD from non-AD dementia were established through a data-driven approach, which has been demonstrated as a valid alternative methodology. The integration of clinical and biological profiles is paramount in achieving accurate dementia diagnoses. &lt;\/p&gt;<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000548539","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T09:14:01Z","timestamp":1765358041000},"page":"162-173","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Utility of CSF Biomarkers in Diagnosing Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: A Thai Cohort 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