{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T11:20:20Z","timestamp":1773314420558,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769472000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769472000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Arch Allergy Immunol"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Sjogren\u2019s syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by exocrine gland dysfunction and a T1\/T3-skewed inflammation. Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is more prevalent in SS, most likely due to the specific cytokine milieu, and the loss of secretory glands and secretion-associated antimicrobials. However, the impact of SS on CRS immunopathology and symptomatology is unclear. This study evaluated whether CRS in SS patients exhibits a distinct clinical profile compared to CRS alone. Methods: In this retrospective study, 14 patients with comorbid SS and CRS were compared to 90 CRS patients without rheumatologic or other comorbid systemic disease. CRS severity was assessed using the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22), Lund-Mackay Score (LMS), Lund-Kennedy Score (LKS), and T2 inflammatory markers (IgE, absolute eosinophil count, and nasal polyp presence). Results: Demographics were similar between groups. Objective disease burden was greatest in CRS with nasal polyps, with higher LMS (p &lt; 0.001) and LKS (p &lt; 0.001) than the other groups. Despite this, SS patients reported the highest SNOT-22 total scores (p = 0.027). SS showed significantly higher scores in several domains, including nasal obstruction (p &lt; 0.001), ear fullness (p &lt; 0.001), reduced concentration (p &lt; 0.001), frustration or irritability (p = 0.022), and fatigue (p = 0.044), with trends for need to blow the nose (p = 0.051), thick nasal discharge (p = 0.073), facial pain or pressure (p = 0.063), waking up tired (p = 0.096), and reduced productivity (p = 0.052). Conclusions: SS appears to confer a distinct CRS phenotype marked by heightened symptom burden not reflected by conventional disease metrics. This discrepancy may reflect neuroinflammatory amplification driven by SS\u2019s T1\/T3 cytokine profile. These findings highlight the need for symptom-focused, multidisciplinary care in this population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000550707","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T17:02:37Z","timestamp":1769533357000},"page":"1-5","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Effect of Comorbid Sjogren Syndrome Diagnosis on the Clinical Phenotype of Chronic Rhinosinusitis"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"Aaron D.","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catherine E.","family":"Lyons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Larry","family":"Borish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-024-01135-3"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.29022"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1702514"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/5928232"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2016.05.004"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2019.05.009"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/JCM8020155"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4193\/Rhin22.300"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/S12879-022-07652-4"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2013.06.033"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/JEM.20191430"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/S12974-016-0607-6"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.999407"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-019-04705-z"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-024-01352-z"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kew443"}],"container-title":["International Archives of Allergy and Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000550707","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T17:00:41Z","timestamp":1773248441000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000550707"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]]},"references-count":16,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000550707","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1018-2438","1423-0097"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1018-2438","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0097","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]]}}}