{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T11:55:25Z","timestamp":1784289325292,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771286400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771286400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Oncol Res Treat"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The effectiveness of conventional chemotherapy in treating metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is unsatisfactory. Apatinib, a small-molecule tyrosine kinase vascular inhibitor, is a multi-targeted antitumor angiogenesis agent that promotes apoptosis to inhibit tumors. Summary: Apatinib, when combined with chemotherapy, has demonstrated efficacy in treating advanced TNBC. Additionally, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic option for metastatic TNBC; however, their efficacy still requires further improvement. One potential strategy to enhance the efficacy of ICIs in metastatic TNBC is through their combination with chemotherapy and anti-angiogenic agents. The combination of apatinib, chemotherapy, and ICIs has demonstrated favorable efficacy, with improved progression-free survival compared with the conventional chemotherapy for advanced TNBC. This warrants further exploration of its clinical value. This triple therapy exhibits synergistic effects rather than representing a simple combination of agents. Apatinib can reverse chemoresistance and enhance the efficacy of programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) inhibitor therapy. Combining chemotherapeutic agents with ICIs is complementary, and apatinib, combined with chemotherapy, can modify the tumor microenvironment to improve the effectiveness of ICIs. Key Messages: This review examines the role of apatinib in treating TNBC and explores its potential mechanisms when combined with chemotherapeutic agents and ICIs for advanced TNBC in the era of immunotherapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000551064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T13:50:32Z","timestamp":1771336232000},"page":"288-297","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Apatinib Mesylate in the Treatment of Advanced Triple-Negative Breast 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