{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T16:19:49Z","timestamp":1778170789453,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772409600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Digit Biomark"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: In this proof-of-concept study involving older adults with varying levels of function, we sought to answer the question: can the application of a simple stepping classification algorithm reduce non-stepping sources of acceleration from wrist-worn ActiGraph data prior to the application of acceleration cut points to quantify time spent in moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA)? Methods: Participants completed a series of known tasks including stepping tasks, cycling tasks, and home chores repeated across 2 days while wearing an ActivPAL (PAL Technologies LLC, Glasgow, Scotland) activity monitor on the thigh \u2013 which provides an accurate measurement of stepping behavior \u2013 and an ActiGraph GT3X+ wrist worn device. A stepping classifier was trained for each monitor, and we examined time spent in MVPA prior to and following removal of non-stepping behaviors. Thirty participants (72.51 \u00b1 6.93 years; 50% female) completed the study. Results: Across both visits, the ActiGraph reported participants engaged in 48.47 \u00b1 17.15 min of MVPA, and the ActivPAL recorded 14.00 \u00b1 6.44 min, an approximately 3.5-fold difference. After application of the classifier-based filter, the ActiGraph recorded a mean MVPA duration of 20.57 \u00b1 10.27 min of MVPA (a reduction of 60%), and the ActivPAL recorded 11.80 \u00b1 5.27 min of MVPA (a reduction of 14%), a 1.74-fold difference. Conclusion: These results suggest that identifying and removing non-stepping behaviors prior to scoring accelerometer data via intensity thresholds may help to reduce inflated MVPA duration attributable to non-stepping wrist movement. Future work should focus on producing strong population-specific step classification algorithms and explore their application to existing and future studies focused on PA behavior.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000551306","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T17:01:00Z","timestamp":1772470860000},"page":"103-112","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Machine Learning-Based Stepping Filter Improves Estimates of Moderate-to-Vigorous-Intensity Physical Activity from Wrist Actigraphy"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7749-2109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josh","family":"Cherian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emily C.","family":"Hector","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shyh-Huei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephanie M.","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John M.","family":"Jakicic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryan S.","family":"McGinnis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael E.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W. Jack","family":"Rejeski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Fanning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2021.111634"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.14854"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000001811"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5868-5-56"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1961.16.1.191"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e3182399f5e"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0276890"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.1810"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2018.12.003"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-199805000-00021"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/mss.0b013e3180616b27"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/japa.17.1.17"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2011.04.003"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0252615"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glab347"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/jmpb.2021-0045"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.08.002"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/49.2.m85"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.53221.x"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2006.08.008"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00779-010-0293-9"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12966-019-0769-6"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12966-021-01199-4"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jar.13327"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-16003-x"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2020.1794244"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000001177"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e318276c73c"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glw026"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-017-0716-0"}],"container-title":["Digital Biomarkers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000551306","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T16:01:09Z","timestamp":1778169669000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000551306"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000551306","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"is-supplemented-by":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.31436149","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["2504-110X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2504-110X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]]}}}