{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T16:54:54Z","timestamp":1781628894077,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"1-6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775779200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sex Dev"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Disorders of sex development (DSDs) are rare in free-ranging cervids and remain poorly documented. Case Presentation: We describe a hunted red deer (Cervus elaphus) with well-developed antlers and male-typical morphology but female-like external genitalia, characterized by a hypertrophic clitoris\/penile-like protrusion and absence of a scrotum. External genital tissues were available for histopathology, which revealed penile-type structures, including cavernous tissue and urethral-like epithelium. Genetic sex was assessed using PCR amplification of SRY and ZFX\/ZFY markers from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) material. Due to the degraded DNA, we redesigned ZFY primers to yield a short amplicon suitable for compromised templates. PCR positivity for SRY and ZFY indicated the presence of Y-linked sequences. However, in the absence of internal reproductive organs, karyotyping and hormonal analyses, the etiology and DSD category cannot be determined, and chromosomal mosaicism or other Y-chromosome anomalies cannot be excluded. Conclusion: This report documents an unusual phenotype in a free-ranging red deer and provides a practical short amplicon ZFY assay for sex marker detection in degraded samples. Both genetic and environmental causes of DSD were considered; however, no definitive etiology could be established.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000551880","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T16:01:20Z","timestamp":1775836880000},"page":"75-81","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Case of Disorder of Sex Development in Red Deer (Cervus elaphus)"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Maciej","family":"Zacharski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Pieczka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7203-2392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stanis\u0142aw","family":"Dzimira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1375571"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0101244"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000363531"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22621\/cfn.v134i3.2481"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2008.1367"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2020.106353"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000548218"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep14696"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2021.112040"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2008.04.018"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.94102680"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4137\/EHI.S39825"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000519964"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10592-007-9326-y"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0073734"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000445464"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/18.2.378"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acthis.2018.09.005"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-22.1.133"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2017.07.002"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12070865"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb46050274"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2025.1456227"}],"container-title":["Sexual Development"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000551880","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T16:01:41Z","timestamp":1781625701000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000551880"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1-6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000551880","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1661-5425","1661-5433"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1661-5425","type":"print"},{"value":"1661-5433","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]]}}}