{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T05:21:54Z","timestamp":1790140914413,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776211200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776211200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Urol Int"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: The aim of the study was to prospectively evaluate patient and clinician reported outcomes of voiding function, pain levels and patient satisfaction of transgender women preoperatively (t0), 6 months (t1), and 12 months (t2) after gender-affirming surgery (GAS) with penile inversion vaginoplasty. Methods: Transgender women undergoing two-stage GAS at our tertiary care center were included (02\/2020\u201301\/2023). Voiding function (male lower urinary tract symptoms [MLUTS]), pain (visual analogue scale) and patients reported outcome measures were assessed. Clinical outcomes and complications were evaluated. A regression analysis was performed to identify possible risk factors for deterioration in voiding function. Results: Fifty-three patients with an average age of 40.27 \u00b1 14.43 years were included. Complications were mostly minor (Clavien-Dindo Classification grade I\/II). Meatal stenosis occurred in 3 patients (6.38%). MLUTS voiding and incontinence complaints were low and did not change up to 12 months postoperatively (voiding symptoms p = 0.16, incontinence symptoms p = 0.32). The same applies to frequency and nocturia (p = 0.54 and p = 0.32, respectively). Pain intensity increased between t0 and t1 (p = 0.003). Pelvic pain was reported by 71% (t1) and 47% (t2). Patient satisfaction with the functional and cosmetical result was high and increased between t1 and t2, even though not significantly (p = 0.71 and p = 0.18). Age, pain intensity, and localization had no significant influence on postoperative voiding function in the regression analysis (all p &gt; 0.05). Conclusion: Gender-affirming penile inversion vaginoplasty is a safe procedure regarding complications with high patient satisfaction and no significant changes in postoperative voiding function up to 12 months postoperatively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000551982","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T16:00:55Z","timestamp":1776268855000},"page":"1-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Voiding Function, Pain Level, and Patient Satisfaction after Gender-Affirming Surgery of Transgender Women: A Prospective Evaluation"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8816-0786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maren J.","family":"Wenk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalie","family":"Rademacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2646-823X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernhard","family":"Liedl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria Luise Simone","family":"Wieland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1593-217X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Britta","family":"Gr\u00fcne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Meister","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/prs.0000000000010326"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anplas.2023.08.002"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/prs.0000000000010813"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41443-020-0304-y"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/sla.0000000000004717"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.13030"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-194105000-00004"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2020.0825"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2017.10.013"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/tau.2019.05.04"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2006.03.019"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.03.029"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.25561"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ju.0000000000002141"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000002684"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anplas.2018.08.002"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/prs.0000000000004427"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2020.05.033"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/gox.0000000000002873"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijcp.12541"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ju.0000000000001149"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.15964"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/trgh.2022.0064"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.3076"}],"container-title":["Urologia Internationalis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000551982","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T16:01:54Z","timestamp":1782144114000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000551982"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]]},"references-count":24,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000551982","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"is-supplemented-by":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.32019864","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["0042-1138","1423-0399"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0042-1138","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0399","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]]}}}