{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T16:47:27Z","timestamp":1782406047825,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777334400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Inflamm Intest Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Histological remission is the most predictive endpoint in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), yet repeated biopsies are invasive. Interleukins (ILs) are emerging biomarkers that may capture histology-aligned activity. We systematically evaluated IL-6, IL-23, IL-17A, IL-1\u03b2, IL-8, and IL-10 as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn\u2019s disease (CD). Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched (January 1989\u2013March 2025). Eligible studies quantified ILs in serum, plasma, stool, or tissue and reported diagnostic\/prognostic outcomes against validated histology indices. Risk of bias was assessed with QUADAS-2 (diagnostic) and QUIPS (prognostic). Certainty was graded using GRADE. The feasibility of quantitative synthesis for individual ILs was explored; however, differences in assay platforms, reporting metrics, and biological matrices prevented valid statistical pooling. Results: Twenty-seven adult cohorts met the inclusion criteria. Serum IL-6 and IL-23 consistently showed the strongest diagnostic performance across studies, with reported AUC values generally ranging between approximately 0.80 and 0.86. Tissue IL-23\/IL-17A aligned with neutrophils, crypt injury, and apoptosis, detecting subclinical inflammation and forecasting relapse (notably in ileal CD). IL-1\u03b2\/IL-8 modestly reflected neutrophil-rich lesions. IL-10 inversely correlated with activity and higher remission levels predicted longer flare-free survival. Conclusion: IL-6 and IL-23 are the strongest serum biomarkers for histology-aligned activity; tissue IL-17A adds lesion-level resolution, while IL-10 provides prognostic value. IL profiling may complement CRP and fecal calprotectin (fCal) in future precision medicine strategies but requires further prospective validation before routine clinical application. Key Messages: Histological remission is the most reliable endpoint in IBD but requires invasive biopsies. IL profiling offers a biologically specific, noninvasive alternative that aligns with histological activity. Among candidate cytokines, serum IL-6 and IL-23 consistently show the strongest diagnostic performance, while tissue IL-17A enhances lesion-level resolution and IL-10 provides prognostic value for remission stability. IL signatures therefore complement C-reactive protein and fCal, supporting precision medicine strategies for individualized monitoring and therapy optimization in IBD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000552149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T16:01:40Z","timestamp":1777392100000},"page":"210-221","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Interleukin Signatures as Histology-Aligned Biomarkers in Inflammatory Bowel Disease"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6090-6076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikolaos","family":"Martinos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8118-7780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas 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