{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T16:55:14Z","timestamp":1781801714836,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778457600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778457600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Respiration"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Preschool wheeze is common, and treatment options are limited, consisting mainly of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). We report here a retrospective study in severe preschool wheezers not controlled by high doses of ICS, who were given azithromycin as long-term additional therapy. Methods: We conducted a single-center, retrospective study between 2020 and 2025, including children less than 6 years old with severe recurrent wheeze, partially or uncontrolled despite a high dose of ICS and who were given azithromycin three times a week for 6 months as maintenance treatment. Results: Thirty-eight children with a mean age of 2.3 \u00b1 1.2 years were retrospectively included in our center. We found an improvement in the control of wheezing and a decrease of exacerbations, daily respiratory symptoms, and dose of daily ICS after 6 months of azithromycin treatment, without major secondary effect declared. Conclusion: Azithromycin could therefore be considered as an adjunctive treatment in young children with persistent asthma and frequent exacerbations despite high doses of inhaled steroids. This conclusion is from a retrospective study, and it is needed to perform controlled prospective studies to validate these findings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000552395","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T16:01:05Z","timestamp":1778515265000},"page":"1-5","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of Azithromycin in Addition to Inhaled Corticosteroids in Severe Preschool Wheeze: A Retrospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"Meryl","family":"Dumenil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julien","family":"Grosjean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laure","family":"Couderc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Lubrano-Lavadera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lamia","family":"Medghoul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Michelet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliette","family":"Raghani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Marguet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2843-871X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hortense","family":"Petat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2020.12.643"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00624-2024"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.13988"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.14062"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-2867"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00148-2017"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iac.2022.05.004"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.13896"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c4978"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01381-2019"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2022.02.025"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010126.pub2"}],"container-title":["Respiration"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000552395","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T16:01:19Z","timestamp":1781798479000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000552395"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]]},"references-count":12,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000552395","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0025-7931","1423-0356"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0025-7931","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0356","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]]}}}