{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T16:27:46Z","timestamp":1787243266787,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783641600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Kidney Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Evidence regarding age-specific associations between risk factors and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains limited. We sought to investigate these age-specific associations and to measure their attributable burden on mortality. Methods: This population-based, retrospective cohort study included 576,677 patients in Hong Kong (73.5 \u00b1 13.8 years, 2008\u20132020). We assessed all-cause and seven cause-specific mortality. Risk factors included six modifiable risk factors (smoking, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose\/hemoglobin A1c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], and body mass index) and four major comorbidities (diabetes, cardiovascular disease [CVD], heart failure, and cancer). Using hazard ratios and population-attributable fractions (PAFs), we compared the associations and mortality burden of these risk factors across five age-groups (18 to \u226585 years). Results: During a median follow-up of 4.8 years, 329,098 (57.1%) patients died, with primary death causes being CVD (9.9%), cancer (9.9%), and kidney diseases (4.7%). Despite a higher absolute mortality risk in older patients, the relative risk of most risk factors declined with age. Collectively, all risk factors accounted for a higher mortality proportion in the youngest group (PAF: 44.3% [95% confidence interval: 35.3%, 52.0%]) than in the oldest group (22.6% [14.6%, 29.7%]). For patients aged 18\u201354, suboptimal LDL-C control (12.0% [8.0%, 15.8%]) was the leading risk factor, while CVD (12.6% [12.1%, 13.1%]) was the most influential factor in patients aged \u226575. Conclusion: The evaluated risk factors were associated with increased relative mortality risks in younger CKD patients. These findings underscore the importance of early management strategies, emphasizing LDL-C control in younger and CVD prevention in older CKD patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000552705","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T16:01:17Z","timestamp":1783699277000},"page":"799-811","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Risk Factors for All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: Age-Specific Associations and Attributable Burden"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Jie","family":"Mei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuk Kam","family":"Yau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franco Wing Tak","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily Tsui 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