{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T17:02:05Z","timestamp":1785862925451,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781049600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781049600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Obes Facts"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Bariatric surgery represents a highly effective intervention for individuals with severe obesity, yet the preoperative motivational factors influencing adherence and long-term outcomes remain insufficiently explored, particularly in the context of mental health. This study aimed to develop and validate a culturally tailored questionnaire to assess preoperative motivations among bariatric surgery candidates, thereby enhancing personalized care. Methods: A mixed-methods study conducted from 2017 to 2019 at Rasool-e-Akram Hospital, Tehran, Iran, enrolled 448 adults with severe obesity (BMI \u226540 kg\/m2 or \u226535 kg\/m2 with at least one comorbidity). Semi-structured interviews (n = 200) generated an initial 158-item pool, which was refined into a 94-item pilot questionnaire (n = 100) and subsequently a final 30-item version (n = 148). The validation process encompassed evaluations of content validity (via content validity Ratio [CVR] and Content Validity Index [CVI]), construct validity (through Exploratory Factor Analysis [EFA]), reliability (using Cronbach\u2019s alpha), and convergent\/divergent validity (employing the Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire [TSRQ] and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 [PHQ-9]). Results: The 30-item Bariatric Surgery Motivation Questionnaire encompasses four domains: Health (8 items), Physical Discomfort (4 items), Psychosocial Factors (12 items), and Attitudes Toward Surgery (6 items). EFA confirmed the factorial structure, accounting for 63.4% of variance (KMO = 0.739, p &lt; 0.001). Content validity was strong (S-CVI\/Ave = 0.87; CVR &gt;0.49). Overall reliability was satisfactory (\u03b1 = 0.813), with domain-specific alphas ranging from 0.312 to 0.807. Convergent validity with TSRQ (r = 0.78, p &lt; 0.001) and divergent validity with PHQ-9 (r = \u22120.02, p = 0.032) were supported. Conclusion: The Bariatric Surgery Motivation Questionnaire is a potentially valid and reliable instrument for evaluating preoperative motivations among bariatric surgery candidates. It provides clinicians with a practical means to identify motivational factors that may affect surgical outcomes. Further refinement of domains with lower reliability and validation in larger multicenter samples could enhance its clinical utility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000552922","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T16:01:11Z","timestamp":1781107271000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Bariatric Surgery Motivation Questionnaire: A Validated Tool for Preoperative Assessment in Persian Population"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"Hastimansooreh","family":"Ansar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Razieh","family":"Salehian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8163-5409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Eslami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Kabir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.292.14.1724"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2016.11.008"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/amp0000550"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13548506.2015.1131996"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-020-04811-x"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0620-9137"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000313481007601027"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2005.71"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0102-672020220002e1682"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjc.12062"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2010.03.008"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03339954"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2011.09.014"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2001.13"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nur.20147"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1381\/096089298765554043"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0802272"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0749-5978(91)90020-t"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-008-9427-9"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-014-1237-7"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/her\/cyl148"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x"}],"container-title":["Obesity Facts"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000552922","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T16:01:00Z","timestamp":1785859260000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000552922"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]]},"references-count":22,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000552922","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"is-supplemented-by":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.32627295","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["1662-4025","1662-4033"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1662-4025","type":"print"},{"value":"1662-4033","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]]}}}