{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T16:30:49Z","timestamp":1786984249952,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784073600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Urol Int"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: The effect of insulin dependence in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on adverse in-hospital outcomes after nephroureterectomy (NU) for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is unknown. Methods: Descriptive statistics, propensity score matching (PSM), and multivariable regression models were applied to the National Inpatient Sample (2004\u20132019) UTUC patients treated with NU. T2DM was stratified between insulin-dependent (ID) and non-insulin-dependent (NID) subtypes. Results: In 10,761 NU patients, rates of ID-T2DM, and NID-T2DM were 2.7% and 19.1%, respectively. During the study period, ID-T2DM rates increased from 0.1 to 4.2% (estimated annual percentage change [EAPC]: +11.8%, p &lt; 0.001), whereas NID-T2DM rates increased from 13.6 to 18.0% (EAPC: +1.1%, p = 0.045). After PSM, ID-T2DM patients (294 vs. 588 nondiabetic controls) exhibited higher rates of blood transfusions (+4.9%) and genitourinary complications (+7.8%), as well as higher total hospital charges (THCs; +9.3%). After multivariable adjustment, these increases translated into higher odds of blood transfusions (odds ratio [OR]: 1.88, p = 0.008) and genitourinary complications (OR: 1.40, p = 0.027), as well as higher THCs (incidence rate ratio [IRR]: 1.08, p &lt; 0.001). NID-T2DM patients (2,051 vs. 4,102 nondiabetic controls) exhibited smaller increases in blood transfusions (+2.5%) and THC (+5.3%), corresponding to OR 1.28 (p = 0.002) and IRR 1.05 (p &lt; 0.001), respectively. Conclusion: Although ID-T2DM represents a relatively small subgroup, its rates increased over time. ID-T2DM was associated with higher rates of blood transfusions, genitourinary complications, and increased THC after NU. These findings suggest that ID-T2DM patients undergoing NU may represent a potential target population for perioperative optimization to reduce surgical morbidity and resource utilization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000553607","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T16:00:51Z","timestamp":1784131251000},"page":"1-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Adverse In-Hospital Outcomes after Nephroureterectomy"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5715-9965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maximilian","family":"Filzmayer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonardo","family":"Quarta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Petix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"Orlandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordan 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