{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T16:42:32Z","timestamp":1792514552986,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791504000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Fetal Diagn Ther"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: High-resolution postmortem magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly used to assess anomalies and can serve as a complementary tool to conventional autopsy. The main aim of this study was to detect and measure the diameter of cranial nerves across gestation. Methods: This observational study was conducted at a tertiary referral hospital and included 150 fetuses from 14 to 28 weeks of gestation with normal brain findings. Results: The optic nerve was identified the earliest at 15 weeks, with a mean diameter of 0.62 mm at 15 weeks and 1.49 mm at 27 weeks. The oculomotor nerve was identified earliest at 21 weeks, with a mean diameter of 0.94 mm at 21 weeks and 1.21 mm at 27 weeks. The trigeminal nerve was seen earliest at 21 weeks, with a mean diameter of 0.9 mm at 21 weeks and 1.2 mm at 27 weeks. The cranial nerve VII-VIII complex was seen earliest at 18 weeks, with a mean diameter 0.9 mm at 18 weeks and 1.14 mm at 27 weeks. Cranial nerve IX-X-XI was identified earliest at 24 weeks, with a mean diameter of 1.03 mm at 24 weeks and 1.15 mm at 27 weeks. Conclusion: High-resolution postmortem MRI enables visualization and measurement of fetal cranial nerves II, III, V, VII-VIII, and IX-X-XI, whereas cranial nerves I, IV, VI, and XII were not identifiable in our cohort. These findings provide normative reference data for the assessment of fetal cranial nerves in postmortem studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/fdt\/acuag010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T11:38:23Z","timestamp":1789817903000},"page":"1-1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessment of Normal Fetal Cranial Nerve Development from 14 to 28 Weeks of Gestation on Postmortem 3-Tesla MRI"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6208-3831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deepika","family":"Raja","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajeswaran","family":"Rangaswami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richa","family":"Verma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lawrence D.","family":"Cruze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suresh","family":"Seshadri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lata","family":"S","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohanasankar","family":"Sivaprakasam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2014.292"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.25355"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.23889"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nic.2008.02.002"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13244-018-0627-0"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-017-4965-y"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jpn.jpn_6_23"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.4672"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/qims-21-151"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/qims-24-626"}],"container-title":["Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/fdt\/acuag010","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T16:01:46Z","timestamp":1792512106000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/fdt\/acuag010"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"references-count":10,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/fdt\/acuag010","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"is-supplemented-by":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.33313815","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["1015-3837","1421-9964"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1015-3837","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9964","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]}}}