{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T11:32:49Z","timestamp":1774265569809,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":3,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,1]],"date-time":"2002-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1009843200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,1]],"date-time":"2002-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1009843200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nephron"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;\/i&gt; T-cell activation, the key event in the development of acute allograft rejection, depends on co-stimulatory signals delivered by antigen-presenting cells (APC). APC-derived cytokines may provide co-stimulation and modulate alloimmune reaction. We have studied cytokine synthesis by fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) culture and we found significant differences for interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-10, M-CSF and IL-1ra on comparing acute rejection versus stable kidney transplant patients. We report our findings on FNAB cultures synthesis of IL-7, IL-15, IL-16, IL-17, IL-18 and RANTES (regulated upon activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted), all potential modulators of anti-graft reaction. &lt;i&gt;Patients and Methods:&lt;\/i&gt; Kidney transplants (KTX) treated with CsA-AZA-Pred from the beginning, were divided into four groups. Group I: day 7 post-KTX, stable; II: day 7 post-KTX, 6.5 \u00b1 5.5 days before acute rejection; III: first day of acute rejection; IV: day 14 post-KTX, stable. Patients from I and IV remained rejection-free for the first 6 months, at least. All rejection episodes were confirmed by classical core renal biopsy. FNAB samples were cultured according to our published methodology and culture supernatants were collected at 48\u00a0h and analysed by ELISA for IL-7, IL-15, IL-16, IL-17, IL-18 and RANTES. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt; Group III synthesized significantly higher amounts of IL-7, IL-16 and IL-18 than stable patients (groups I and IV). RANTES production did not show significant differences among the four groups. We did not find any trace of IL-15. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;\/i&gt; IL-18 may play the activation role that has been attributed to IL-12 which previously, we did not find to correlate significantly with acute rejection in KTX. IL-16 seems to play an activation role rather than an inhibition of anti-graft reaction. We confirm that RANTES is not significantly associated with acute rejection in KTX.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000064106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,15]],"date-time":"2003-04-15T21:05:17Z","timestamp":1050440717000},"page":"622-628","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The Synthesis by Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy Cultures of IL-7, IL-16 and IL-18 Is Significantly Associated with Acute Rejection in Kidney Transplants"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Gerardo Gon\u00e7alves","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Paula Dias Pinto","family":"Xavier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Susana Moreira","family":"Sampaio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Isabel Salom\u00e9","family":"Tavares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Armando Augusto","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/347669a0"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199706270-00018"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)90992-X"}],"container-title":["Nephron"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/64106","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/64106","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T04:16:25Z","timestamp":1745468185000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000064106"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002]]},"references-count":3,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000064106","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-8151","2235-3186"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-8151","type":"print"},{"value":"2235-3186","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002]]}}}