{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T22:38:33Z","timestamp":1777588713333,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"4-5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]],"date-time":"2004-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1072915200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]],"date-time":"2004-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1072915200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurodegener Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We studied endogenous amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing and amyloid beta (A\u03b2) peptide formation in primary chicken telencephalic neurons, because their A\u03b2 peptide sequence is identical to humans. As detected by quantitative A\u03b2-SDS-PAGE\/immunoblot, A\u03b2 peptides 1\u201340\/42 and three additional C-truncated species, namely A\u03b21\u201337\/38\/39 were regularly released into the supernatant. The highly conserved A\u03b2 quintet strongly resembles the pattern of A\u03b2 peptides found in human cerebrospinal fluid. Furthermore, the C-terminally shorter A\u03b2 peptides 1\u201333\/34 could be readily detected. Recent evidence indicates that lithium specifically inhibits secretion of the amyloidogenic A\u03b21\u201342 peptide in cultured permanent cells transfected with human APP. We therefore investigated the effect of lithium on A\u03b2 peptide secretion as well as intracellular A\u03b2 peptides in our untransfected primary cell culture system. Our data shows that lithium leads to a dose-dependent reduction of A\u03b21\u201337\/38\/39\/40\/42 secretion. Surprisingly, intracellular analysis revealed that lithium specifically increases a band comigrating with synthetic A\u03b21\u201338 while A\u03b21\u201340 and A\u03b21\u201342 remained almost unaffected. These results demonstrate for the first time that lithium treatment decreases A\u03b2 peptide secretion in primary chicken neuronal cells but specifically elevates intracellular A\u03b21\u201338. Therefore, we conclude that there are two independent mechanisms of lithium in intra- and extracellular A\u03b2 peptide production.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000080992","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,17]],"date-time":"2004-11-17T10:02:28Z","timestamp":1100685748000},"page":"236-241","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Lithium Decreases Secretion of A\u03b21\u201342 and C-Truncated Species A\u03b21\u201337\/38\/39\/40 in Chicken Telencephalic Cultures but Specifically Increases Intracellular A\u03b21\u201338"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"H.","family":"Esselmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.M.","family":"Maler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"N.","family":"Kunz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.","family":"Otto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"S.","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"P.","family":"Lewczuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"E.","family":"R\u00fcther","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.","family":"Kornhuber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.","family":"Wiltfang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177%2F1073858403252227"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2F0006-291X%2884%2991209-9"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074%2Fjbc.M102790200"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074%2Fjbc.271.45.28655"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046%2Fj.1471-4159.2002.00818.x"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2Fnature01640"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0304-3940%2801%2902583-6"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046%2Fj.1432-1327.1999.00886.x"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Frcm.417"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038%2F281378a0"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2F0022-1759%2883%2990303-4"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006%2Fabio.1996.0195"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Felps.1150120507"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Fjnr.10393"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS1474-4422%2802%2900188-6"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073%2Fpnas.93.23.13170"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046%2Fj.1471-4159.1997.68031183.x"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002%2Frcm.1048"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146%2Fannurev.pharmtox.41.1.789"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016%2FS0092-8674%2802%2900970-4"}],"container-title":["Neurodegenerative Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/80992","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/80992","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T03:40:15Z","timestamp":1745466015000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000080992"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4-5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000080992","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-2854","1660-2862"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-2854","type":"print"},{"value":"1660-2862","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004]]}}}