{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T09:03:42Z","timestamp":1776848622947,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1995,4,28]],"date-time":"1995-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":799027200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[1995,4,28]],"date-time":"1995-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":799027200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cerebrovasc Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Atherosclerosis is often considered the cause of stroke in young adults with vascular risk factors and no other obvious cause, even without evidence of atheroma. In a consecutive series of 260 young adult (\u226445 years old) ischemic stroke patients, the cause of stroke remained unknown in 70 despite investigation including at least CT\/MR, echocardiogram and duplex + TC Doppler or angiography. Twenty-five presented with classical lacunar syndromes. No differences were found in the distribution of risk factors between cases with lacunar and nonlacunar symptoms. The vascular risk factors of these 70 patients were compared with (a) 44 strokes in young adults with evidence of large-vessel intracranial or extracranial atheroma; (b) sex- and age-matched community controls from the list of a general practitioner. Large-vessel atheromatous strokes included more diabetics than strokes of ''unknown cause'' (difference between proportions: 23 %; 95% CI = 7\u201339 and ''lacunar infarction'' (difference between proportions: 26%; 95% CI = 10\u201342). In conditional regression analysis, hypertension was significantly more frequent in strokes of ''unknown cause'' (odds ratio = 17; 95% CI = 2.7\u2013117), and in ''lacunar infarction'' (odds ratio = 10; 95%; CI = 1.4\u2013442) than in controls. Hypertensive single-perforator disease is the most plausible cause of young-adult lacunar infarction. Although young-adult strokes of ''unknown cause'' are a heterogeneous group, their risk factors are different from both large-vessel atheromatous stroke patients and community controls, and many appear to be related to hypertensive single-perforator disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000107850","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,5]],"date-time":"2007-09-05T03:21:59Z","timestamp":1188962519000},"page":"188-193","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Role of Vascular Risk Factors in Lacunar and Unexplained Strokes in Young Adults:A Case-Control Study"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"Jos\u00e9 M.","family":"Ferro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Manuela","family":"Crespo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Ferro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1995,4,28]]},"container-title":["Cerebrovascular Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/107850","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000107850","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T08:07:59Z","timestamp":1776845279000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000107850"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,4,28]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000107850","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1015-9770","1421-9786"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1015-9770","type":"print"},{"value":"1421-9786","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,4,28]]}}}