{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T13:43:10Z","timestamp":1774359790936,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,22]],"date-time":"2007-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1193011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,22]],"date-time":"2007-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1193011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nephron Clin Pract"],"abstract":"<i>Background:<\/i> Viral infection has been the main epidemiologic concern in the hemodialysis unit; however, bacterial infection is responsible for more than 30% of all causes of morbidity and mortality in our patients, vascular access infection being the culprit in 73% of all bacteremias. <i>Methods:<\/i> A prospective multicenter cohort study of bacterial infections incidence, conducted from January to July 2004 in five hemodialysis units, to record and track bacterial infections, using a validated database from CDC\u2019s Dialysis Surveillance Network Program. <i>Results:<\/i> 4,501 patient-months (P-M) were surveilled, being dialyzed through a native fistula (AVF) in 60.6%, a graft (PTFE) in 31.3%, a tunneled catheter (TC) in 7.6%, and a transient catheter (C) in 0.5%. As target events, we registered 166 hospitalizations \u2013 3.7\/100 P-M (2.2\/100 P-M in patients with AVF, 4 in PTFE, 9.9 in TC, and 19 in C), and 182 intravenous antibiotic courses. Of these 182 antibiotic treatments, 47.8% included vancomycin, only 30% had blood cultures drawn pretreatment, and only 36% were positive. We recorded 98 infections at the vascular access site 2.18\/100 P-M (0.95 in AVF, 1.6 in PTFE, 12.6 in TC, and 42.85 in C) and 2.13 infections\/100 P-M at other sites. The isolated microorganisms were <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis<\/i> in 40.1%, <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i> in 30.1%, <i>Pseudomonas<\/i> in 13.3%, and <i>Escherichia coli<\/i> in 3.3%. Although we found a diversity of practice patterns, the number of target events (8.4\/100 P-M) and the bacterial infections incidence (4.31\/100 P-M) were remarkably homogeneous in the five centers. <i>Conclusion:<\/i> (1) High incidence of bacterial infections, causing major morbidity; (2) infectious risk is vascular access type-dependent, with dramatic rise in catheters; (3) underutilization of blood cultures to orient diagnosis and therapy, and (4) high rates of vancomycin prescription.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000110033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,22]],"date-time":"2007-10-22T13:07:57Z","timestamp":1193058477000},"page":"c133-c138","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["A Prospective Study on Incidence of Bacterial Infections in Portuguese Dialysis Units"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"Pedro","family":"Ponce","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"An\u00edbal","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Vinhas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Goretti","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Elaine","family":"Pina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046%2Fj.1523-1755.1999.0550031081.x"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1523-1755.2000.00337.x"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2F01.ASN.0000119144.95922.C4"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053%2Fajkd.2001.24527"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2F01.ASN.0000074237.78764.D1"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093%2Fndt%2Fgfh729"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097%2F00003246-200201000-00002"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1538-7836.2003.00267.x"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111%2Fj.1523-1755.2005.00414.x"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056%2FNEJMoa041747"}],"container-title":["Nephron Clinical Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/110033","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/110033","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T02:00:42Z","timestamp":1745460042000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000110033"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,22]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000110033","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-2110"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-2110","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,22]]}}}