{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T16:25:43Z","timestamp":1778948743230,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,11]],"date-time":"2017-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1502409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,11]],"date-time":"2017-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1502409600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/pages\/terms-and-conditions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Enzyme"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The development of liver parenchyma starts from entodermal cells which grow\nout from the gut into the mesenchyma of the septum transversum. In the definitive organ this\nclose association of epithelial cells (hepatocytes) and mesenchyma-derived nonparenchymal\ncells is maintained. The liver, and with it each hepatocyte, acts in two directions; the vascular\npoles of the hepatocytes serve in an ingestive sense, while at their biliary poles secretory\nfunctions are exerted. Hepatic microvascularization comprises two afferent vessels (arterial\nand portal terminal branches), the sinusoids and the terminal hepatic venule. Sinusoidal cells\nsurround the capillaries but also have highly specialized functions with regard to filtration,\nphagocytosis, fat storage and defense. The autonomic innervation plays an important role in\nthe regulation of metabolic functions. Above the cellular level the proper architecture of the\nliver parenchyma has been the object of controversial discussions for centuries. The concept\nof the liver lobule, the portal unit, the liver acinus and other structures are presented and\ndiscussed. Finally, the liver parenchyma is described as an irregular interdigitating system of\nregions related to the terminal blood vessels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000468776","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,11]],"date-time":"2017-08-11T17:21:32Z","timestamp":1502472092000},"page":"8-32","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":91,"title":["Liver Architecture"],"prefix":"10.1159","author":[{"given":"Dieter","family":"Sasse","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Udo M.","family":"Spornitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"I.","family":"Piotr Maly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,11]]},"container-title":["Enzyme"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1159\/000468776","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T12:45:37Z","timestamp":1777553137000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000468776"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,11]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000468776","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-9432","2504-2564"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-9432","type":"print"},{"value":"2504-2564","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,11]]}}}