{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T18:30:55Z","timestamp":1770489055226,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]],"date-time":"2019-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575417600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]],"date-time":"2019-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575417600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"abstract":"<b><i>Background:<\/i><\/b> First-line treatment for diabetic macular edema (DME) is usually with antivascular endothelial growth factor agents, followed by intravitreal corticosteroids as a second-line treatment option. Long-term corticosteroids may offer quality of life and effectiveness benefits over short-term implants. <b><i>Objectives:<\/i><\/b> To evaluate outcomes of patients with persistent or recurrent DME who switched from a short-term (dexamethasone) to a long-term (fluocinolone acetonide, FAc) corticosteroid intravitreal implant in a real-world setting. <b><i>Methods:<\/i><\/b> This is a retrospective study in 9 Portuguese centers. An FAc intravitreal implant was administered according to product labeling. Effectiveness outcomes were mean change in visual acuity (VA; ETDRS letters), central retinal thickness (CRT; \u00b5m), and macular volume (MV; mm<sup>3<\/sup>). The safety outcome was mean change in intraocular pressure (IOP; mm Hg). All were analyzed at months 1 and 3, and then quarterly until month 24 after implantation. <b><i>Results:<\/i><\/b> Forty-four eyes from 36 patients were analyzed. Mean duration of DME was 3.3 \u00b1 1.9 years, and mean follow-up was 8 months. From baseline following FAc implantation, VA increased significantly at months 1 and 6 (mean +6.82 and +13.02 letters, respectively; <i>p<\/i> = 0.005), and last observation carried forward (LOCF; mean +8.3 letters; <i>p<\/i> = 0.002). CRT improved significantly at months 1 and 6 (mean \u201371.81 and \u2013170.77 \u00b5m, respectively; <i>p<\/i> = 0.001), and LOCF (mean \u2013121.46 \u00b5m; <i>p<\/i> = 0.001). MV was consistently, but not significantly, decreased from baseline to LOCF (mean \u20130.69 mm<sup>3<\/sup>; <i>p<\/i> = 0.062). The mean change in IOP was \u20130.25 and +0.88 mm Hg at months 1 and 6, respectively (<i>p<\/i> = 0.268), and +1.86 mm Hg at LOCF (<i>p<\/i> = 0.036). Increases were controlled with topical medication in most cases. <b><i>Conclusions:<\/i><\/b> The FAc intravitreal implant is effective in patients previously treated with short-term corticosteroid implants. Thus, after a suboptimal response to antiangiogenics or a short-term corticosteroid, a single FAc implant may be considered an effective and tolerable treatment that can improve long-term outcomes for patients with sight-threatening DME.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000503036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]],"date-time":"2019-12-04T22:02:10Z","timestamp":1575496930000},"page":"114-121","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["The Outcomes of Switching from Short- to Long-Term Intravitreal Corticosteroid Implant Therapy in Patients with Diabetic Macular Edema"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6125-5486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Vaz-Pereira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o\u00a0Paulo","family":"Castro-de-Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"David","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Joaquim","family":"Prates\u00a0Canelas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Sampaio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Urbano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Paulo","family":"Kaku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Nascimento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Marques-Neves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_1240_18"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40662-015-0026-2"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2017.03.023"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/939315"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S79785"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000458539"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/23258160-20180621-01"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.02.065"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(02)00975-2"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2004.09.013"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1044-579X(02)00133-5"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(01)01269-7"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40123-018-0145-7"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.04.019"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.11.034"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000484091"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2017.125"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000455235"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2015.98"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000481157"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S151611"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/23258160-20180221-06"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/4610129"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17469899.2017.1285698"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17469899.2018.1523720"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IMCRJ.S174461"}],"container-title":["Ophthalmic Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/503036","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/503036","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T15:57:19Z","timestamp":1745423839000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000503036"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,11]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000503036","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0030-3747","1423-0259"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0030-3747","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0259","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]]}}}