{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T14:59:01Z","timestamp":1767884341519,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Services\/SiteLicenses"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Purpose:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; We investigated the characteristics, prognosis, and clinical outcome of the Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Five hundred psychiatrically healthy patients with neovascular AMD were screened for CBS. The individuals that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were systematically interviewed using a structured questionnaire that covered the impact, prognosis, risk factors, phenomenology, symptoms, and knowledge about the syndrome. A control group of 45 patients was used for comparison. Demographic data, current medication, and ocular risk factors were collected in all patients. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Forty-five patients with CBS were identified. The majority of patients reported images that consisted of colored (62%) animals (44%) or faces (42%) that lasted for seconds (53%). Most patients reported a self-limited disease with a median duration of symptoms between 9 and 11.5 months, with only 7% knowing about CBS at symptom onset. The degree of visual deficit did not predict the characteristics, complexity, frequency, duration, or impact of visual hallucinations. One-third of patients reported negative outcome, which was associated with shorter duration of CBS (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; = 0.023), fear-inducing images (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; &amp;#x3c; 0.001), and impact on daily activities (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; = 0.015). &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; The prevalence of CBS in neovascular AMD patients is high and clinically relevant. Patients with recent onset of visual hallucinations and describing fear-inducing images are at greater risk for negative outcome. Periodic screening may minimize the negative consequences of this disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000506137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,29]],"date-time":"2020-01-29T22:00:32Z","timestamp":1580335232000},"page":"466-473","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Clinical Characteristics of the Charles Bonnet Syndrome in Patients with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: The Importance of Early Detection"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9093-1455","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Esteves\u00a0Leandro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3820-4597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Beato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ana\u00a0Catarina","family":"Pedrosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Pinheiro-Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Falc\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Falc\u00e3o-Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"\u00c2ngela\u00a0M.","family":"Carneiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2006.10.007"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700046584"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1000744"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-199603000-00008"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)90869-7"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.149.12.1701"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2008.01814.x"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.16-21270"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.06-0942"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1992.01080210069027"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09286580801939320"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2014-304920"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5301\/ejo.5000483"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-440X(89)90122-3"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13882350600805761"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.73.5.535"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/123.10.2055"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181577511"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-199405000-00004"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-440X(99)90133-5"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-440X(94)90172-4"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/070674379203700411"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/3738"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00061198-200110000-00006"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-11091"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2006.08.003"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2010.12"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6257(02)00414-9"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.48.1.29"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pra.0000396067.87343.fb"}],"container-title":["Ophthalmic Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/506137","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/506137","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T15:47:29Z","timestamp":1745423249000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000506137"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,25]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000506137","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0030-3747","1423-0259"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0030-3747","type":"print"},{"value":"1423-0259","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}}}