{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T07:34:44Z","timestamp":1772264084508,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]],"date-time":"2020-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]],"date-time":"2020-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608076800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cerebrovasc Dis Extra"],"abstract":"<b><i>Objective:<\/i><\/b> Patients submitted to carotid artery endarterectomy (CEA) have a long-term risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) of 6\u20139% at 2 years. Hematological parameters have been shown to have a predictive function in atherosclerotic diseases, namely the red blood cell distribution width-coefficient of variation (RDW-CV). This parameter has been associated with worse outcomes such as myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and all-cause mortality. This study aims to evaluate the potential role of preoperative hematologic parameters such as RDW-CV in predicting perioperative and long-term cardiovascular adverse events and mortality in patients submitted to CEA. <b><i>Methods:<\/i><\/b> From January 2012 to January 2019, 180 patients who underwent CEA with regional anesthesia in a tertiary care and referral center were selected from a prospective cohort database. Blood samples were collected preoperatively 2 weeks before admission, including a full blood count. The primary outcome included long-term MACE. Secondary outcomes included all-cause mortality, stroke, MI, acute heart failure, and major adverse limb events (MALE). <b><i>Results:<\/i><\/b> At baseline, 27.2% of patients had increased RDW-CV. Increased RDW-CV was independently associated with baseline hemoglobin (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.715, 95% CI 0.588\u20130.869, <i>p<\/i> = 0.001) and atrial fibrillation (aOR 4.028, 95% CI 1.037\u201315.639, <i>p<\/i> = 0.001). After a median follow-up of 50 months, log-rank univariate analysis of RDW-CV demonstrated a significant association between increased RDW-CV and long-term all-cause mortality (log-rank &#x3c;0.001), MACE (log-rank &#x3c;0.001), and MI (log-rank = 0.017). After multivariate Cox regression analysis, increased RDW-CV was associated with increased long-term mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 2.455, 95% CI 1.231\u20134.894, <i>p<\/i> = 0.011) and MACE (aHR 2.047, 95% CI 1.202\u20133.487, <i>p<\/i> = 0.008). A decreased hemoglobin to platelet ratio (aHR 2.650e\u20138, 95% CI 9.049e\u201315 to 0.078, <i>p<\/i> = 0.019) was also associated with all-cause mortality. <b><i>Conclusion:<\/i><\/b> RDW is a widely available and low-cost marker that independently predicts long-term mortality, MACE, and MI after CEA. This biomarker could prove useful in assessing which patients would likely benefit from CEA in the long term. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000512587","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]],"date-time":"2020-12-16T22:07:41Z","timestamp":1608156461000},"page":"181-192","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Red Blood Cell Distribution Width as a 5-Year Prognostic Marker in Patients Submitted to Carotid Endarterectomy"],"prefix":"10.1159","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9271-1170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Duarte-Gamas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Pereira-Neves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Filipa","family":"J\u00e1come","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mariana","family":"Frag\u00e3o-Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ricardo\u00a0P.","family":"Vaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jose\u00a0Paulo","family":"Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o\u00a0P.","family":"Rocha-Neves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"127","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1995.03520420037035"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61197-X"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2015.09.023"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2014.08.018"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2014-0585"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2257.1989.tb00193.x"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.23982"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0212374"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1160\/TH09-02-0127"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S233701"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2009.04.064"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2019.11.002"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2009.09.044"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-47975-y"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2008.10.024"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-017-0481-x"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1160\/TH14-07-0606"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2017.05.114"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10408363.2014.992064"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/824624"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-013-0957-1"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4330\/wjc.v11.i12.292"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.23153"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.23896"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487319870346"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2019.06.027"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.12049"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2014.07.029"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365510802213550"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14017431.2019.1638518"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2015.10.007"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2019.09.58"}],"container-title":["Cerebrovascular Diseases Extra"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/512587","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/512587","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T16:17:57Z","timestamp":1745425077000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/karger.com\/article\/doi\/10.1159\/000512587"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,28]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000512587","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-5456"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-5456","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]]}}}