{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T03:33:09Z","timestamp":1747193589779,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"S. Karger AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Introduction:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Accommodative esotropia (AET) is characterized by an esodeviation of the eyes due to uncorrected hyperopia, deficient fusional divergence, or high accommodative convergence. Decreasing hyperopia would reduce accommodative convergence and strabismus. We sought to review the existing evidence regarding the outcomes of refractive surgery in patients with AET. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; A four-database search (Pubmed, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane, and Scopus) was performed from inception to March 2021 using the following MeSH terms: (\u201cRefractive Surgical Procedures\u201d OR \u201cKeratomileusis, Laser In Situ\u201d OR \u201cPhotorefractive Keratectomy\u201d OR \u201cLens Implantation, Intraocular\u201d) AND (\u201cEsotropia\u201d OR \u201cAccommodative Esotropia\u201d OR \u201cRefractive Esotropia\u201d OR \u201cAccommodative Strabismus\u201d). No meta-analysis was performed due to studies\u2019 heterogeneity. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Twenty-eight studies including 22 case series enrolling 378 patients and 6 case reports enrolling 8 patients were selected among 185 original abstracts. In the case series, a total of 378 patients (726 eyes) were recruited with an age range of 8\u201352 years. All studies reported mean follow-up periods of at least 12 months. Photorefractive keratectomy was performed in 7 studies, laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis in 9 studies, laser-assisted sub-epithelial keratectomy was reported in 1 study, and 3 studies implanted intraocular lenses, including iris-fixated and collamer. Considering the adult patients with a preoperative corrected esodeviation \u226410 prism diopters (PD) (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;\/i&gt; = 129), all but 5 (3.9%) presented orthophoria or \u226410PD after refractive surgery. All children but 4 (4.5%) ended up with an esodeviation \u226410PD after surgery with those exceptions being in the range of 11\u201315PD. Six case reports were included in this review, comprising a total of 8 patients (16 eyes) with an age range of 7\u201334 years and a follow-up range of 4\u201348 months. Six case reports were included in this review, comprising a total of 8 patients (16 eyes) with an age range of 7\u201334 years and a follow-up range of 4\u201348 months. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;\/i&gt;&lt;\/b&gt; Evidence produced so far points out that refractive surgery may be an alternative for spectacle correction for adults with AET \u226410PD. There is not enough evidence to recommend its use for patients under 18 years of age. The safety and predictability of these procedures for this purpose remains unclear as the selection criteria used for these patients are much different than the usual indications and there are no studies with long-term follow-up. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1159\/000523816","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,28]],"date-time":"2022-02-28T22:00:41Z","timestamp":1646085641000},"page":"361-376","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Refractive Surgery for Older Children and Adults with Accommodative Esotropia: A Systematic 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