{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T15:27:09Z","timestamp":1767713229283},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Thromb Haemost"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) can develop infrequently in patients with tuberculosis and has a very high mortality rate. We conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the incidence of tuberculosis-induced DIC and to investigate the clinical manifestation, outcome, and prognostic factors of such patients. From January 2002 to December 2003, all culture-proven tuberculosis patients who developed DIC before starting anti-tuberculosis treatments were selected for this study. Patients who had other clinical conditions or were infected by other pathogens that may have been responsible for their DIC were excluded. Survival analysis was performed for each variable with possible prognostic significance. Our results showed that 27 (3.2%) out of the 833 patients with culture-proven tuberculosis had tuberculosis-induced DIC with a mortality rate of 63.0%. The most common clinical manifestations were fever (63.0%) and multiple patches of pulmonary consolidation (59.3%). Seven (25.9%) patients had disseminated tuberculosis. Twelve (44.4%) developed acute respiratory distress syndrome and three (11.1%) were associated with hemophagocytosis. Twenty-four (88.9%) patients had findings that were unusual for an acute bacterial infection, such as positive acid-fast smear, miliary pulmonary lesions, lymphocytotic exudative pleural effusion, and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Early anti-tuberculosis treatment significantly improved survival. In conclusion, tuberculosis can cause DIC. Patients with non-miliary, non-disseminated tuberculosis could also develop the rare clinical manifestation. Since the prognosis was very poor in patients not treated at an early stage, a high index of suspicion is required, especially in those with clinical findings suggestive of tuberculosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1160\/th04-09-0562","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,7]],"date-time":"2005-03-07T11:51:49Z","timestamp":1110196309000},"page":"729-734","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Mycobacterium tuberculosis inducing disseminated intravascular coagulation"],"prefix":"10.1160","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Jann-Yuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Po-Ren","family":"Hsueh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuang-Shuang","family":"Liaw","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen-Yi","family":"Shau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pan-Chyr","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kwen-Tay","family":"Luh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li-Na","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"Group at risk: WHO report on the tuberculosis epidemic","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1996"},{"key":"ref2","volume-title":"Tuberculosis annual report (Taiwan) 2001","author":"Bureau for Chronic Disease Control","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1970.00310040115014","article-title":"The significance of hematologic abnormalities in patients with tuberculosis","volume":"125","author":"RM Glasser","year":"1970","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"ref4","first-page":"421","article-title":"Cryptic miliary tuberculosis","volume":"59","author":"YL Yu","year":"1986","journal-title":"Q J Med"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-197203000-00004","article-title":"Miliary tuberculosis in the chemotherapy era: with a clinical review in 69 American adults","volume":"51","author":"PW Munt","year":"1972","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1972.03650030066015","article-title":"Disseminated intravascular coagulation in miliary tuberculosis","volume":"130","author":"GM Mavligit","year":"1972","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.73.4.536","article-title":"Survival of a patient with pancytopenia and disseminated coagulation associated with miliary tuberculosis","volume":"73","author":"MJ Rosenberg","year":"1978","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.71.838.490","article-title":"Liver abscess and disseminated intravascular coagulation in tuberculosis","volume":"71","author":"MR Nampoory","year":"1995","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2741","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1985.03360190047021","article-title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteremia and disseminated coagulation","volume":"254","author":"JP Manzella","year":"1985","journal-title":"Jama"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.99.3.752","article-title":"Miliary tuberculosis presenting as hepatic and renal failure","volume":"99","author":"JE Godwin","year":"1991","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref11","volume-title":"Mycobacterium","author":"FS Nolte","year":"1995"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"M24-T","article-title":"Antimycobacterial susceptibility testing for Mycobacterium tuberculosis: tentative standard","year":"1995","journal-title":"NCCLS document"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.5.1723-1727.2002","article-title":"Evaluation of Gen-Probe amplified mycobacterium tuberculosis direct test by using respiratory and nonrespiratory specimens in a tertiary care center laboratory","volume":"40","author":"CE O'Sullivan","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1086\/378273","article-title":"Two decades of disseminated tuberculosis at a university medical center: the expanding role of mycobacterial blood culture","volume":"37","author":"JA Crump","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.149.3.7509706","article-title":"The American-European Consensus Conference on ARDS. 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