{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T14:23:32Z","timestamp":1774448612305,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":204,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"09","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Thromb Haemost"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Kallikrein-related peptidases (KLK), which represent a major tissue-associated proteolytic system, stand for a rich source of biomarkers that may allow molecular classification, early diagnosis and prognosis of human malignancies as well as prediction of response or failure to cancer-directed drugs. International research points to an important role of certain KLKs in female and male urogenital tract malignancies, in addition to cancers of the lung, brain, skin, head and neck, and the gastrointestinal tract. Regarding the female\/male urogenital tract, remarkably, all of the KLKs are expressed in the normal prostate, testis, and kidney whereas the uterus, the ovary, and the urinary bladder are expressing a limited number of KLKs only. Most of the information regarding KLK expression in tumour-affected organs is available for ovarian cancer; all of the 12 KLKs tested so far were found to be elevated in the malignant state, depicting them as valuable biomarkers to distinguish between the normal and the cancerous phenotype. In contrast, for kidney cancer, a series of KLKs was found to be downregulated, while other KLKs were not expressed. Evidently, depending on the type of cancer or cancer stage, individual KLKs may show characteristics of a Janus-faced behaviour, by either expanding or inhibiting cancer progression and metastasis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1160\/th13-03-0206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,13]],"date-time":"2013-06-13T13:36:44Z","timestamp":1371130604000},"page":"408-422","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Clinical utility of kallikrein-related peptidases (KLK) in urogenital malignancies"],"prefix":"10.1160","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"Julia","family":"Dorn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jane","family":"Bayani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George M.","family":"Yousef","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Viktor","family":"Magdolen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marion","family":"Kiechle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eleftherios P.","family":"Diamandis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manfred","family":"Schmitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21149","article-title":"Cancer treatment and survivorship statistics, 2012","volume":"62","author":"R Siegel","year":"2012","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.20138","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2012","volume":"62","author":"R Siegel","year":"2012","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1160\/TH09-01-0026","article-title":"Using kallikrein-related peptidases (KLK) as novel cancer biomarkers","volume":"101","author":"M Schmitt","year":"2009","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1515\/bc.2010.056","article-title":"Kallikrein-related peptidase genes as promising biomarkers for prognosis and monitoring of human malignancies","volume":"391","author":"M Avgeris","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2007.088104","article-title":"Distribution of 15 human kallikreins in tissues and biological fluids","volume":"53","author":"JL Shaw","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1513","DOI":"10.1515\/BC.2008.171","article-title":"Role of tissue kallikrein-related peptidases in cervical mucus remodeling and host defense","volume":"389","author":"JL Shaw","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1159\/000094741","article-title":"Expression of tumour-associated differentially expressed Gene-14 (TADG-14\/KLK8) and its protein hK8 in uterine endometria and endometrial carcinomas","volume":"27","author":"H Jin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Tumour Biol"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"9032","article-title":"Human kallikrein 14: a new potential biomarker for ovarian and breast cancer","volume":"24","author":"CA Borgo\u00f1o","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1177\/002215540104901111","article-title":"The spectrum of human kallikrein 6 (zyme\/protease M\/neurosin) expression in human tissues, as assessed by immunohistochemistry","volume":"49","author":"CD Petraki","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Histochem Cytochem"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1177\/002215540205000912","article-title":"Human kallikrein 10 expression in normal tissues by immunohistochemistry","volume":"50","author":"CD Petraki","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Histochem Cytochem"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1177\/002215540305100411","article-title":"Human kallikrein 13 expression in normal tissues. An immunohistochemical study. J Histochem","volume":"51","author":"CD Petraki","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cytochem"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1515\/hsz-2011-0260","article-title":"Kallikrein-related peptidases in prostate, breast, and ovarian cancers: from pathobiology to clinical relevance","volume":"393","author":"M Avgeris","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1515\/BC.2006.084","article-title":"Cellular distribution of human tissue kallikreins: immunohistochemical localisation","volume":"387","author":"CD Petraki","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2365","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-03-2025","article-title":"Kallikrein 4 is a predominantly nuclear protein and is overexpressed in prostate cancer","volume":"64","author":"Z Xi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1515\/bc.2010.025","article-title":"Immunohistochemical analysis of kallikrein-related peptidases in the normal kidney and renal tumours: potential clinical implications","volume":"391","author":"M Gabril","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1600","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2008.105189","article-title":"Utility of kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) as cancer biomarkers","volume":"54","author":"N Emami","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-12-0843","article-title":"Assessment of the effects of severe obesity and lifestyle risk factors on stage of endometrial cancer","volume":"01","author":"MA Bittoni","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1111\/his.12028","article-title":"Hereditary gynaecological malignancies: advances in screening and treatment","volume":"01","author":"AK Folkins","year":"2013","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.24292","article-title":"Conservative treatment of early endometrial cancer","volume":"228","author":"A Bovicelli","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Cell Physiology"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(97)00286-X","article-title":"Value of preoperative CA 125 level in the management of uterine cancer and prediction of clinical outcome","volume":"03","author":"AK Sood","year":"1997","journal-title":"Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2323","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.5.7625","article-title":"Kallikrein 4 (KLK4), a new member of the human kallikrein gene family is up-regulated by estrogen and progesterone in the human endometrial cancer cell line, KLE","volume":"05","author":"SA Myers","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1111\/IGC.0b013e3181a83e1a","article-title":"Kallikrein 4 overexpression in endometrial carcinoma and upregulation by estrogen via mitogen-activated protein kinase signal pathway","volume":"08","author":"SQ Zhang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Cancer"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.10.794","article-title":"Overexpression of kallikrein 10 (hK10) in uterine serous papillary carcinomas","volume":"05","author":"AD Santin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3320","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-04-2528","article-title":"Human kallikrein 6: a new potential serum biomarker for uterine serous papillary cancer","volume":"09","author":"AD Santin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"498","article-title":"Papillomaviruses - to vaccination and beyond","volume":"05","author":"H zur Hausen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199904153401502","article-title":"Concurrent cisplatin-based radiotherapy and chemotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer","volume":"15","author":"PG Rose","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"1663","article-title":"The impact of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) antigen in patients with advanced cancer of uterine cervix treated with (chemo)-radiotherapy","volume":"3A","author":"O Micke","year":"2005","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2004.05.023","article-title":"The serine protease stratum corneum chymotryptic enzyme (kallikrein 7) is highly overexpressed in squamous cervical cancer cells","volume":"02","author":"AD Santin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gynaecol Oncol"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.25046","article-title":"Analysis of human kallikrein 7 expression as a potential biomarker in cervical neoplasia","volume":"02","author":"L Termini","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"1001","article-title":"Expression of human kallikrein 7 (hK7\/SCCE) and its inhibitor antileukoprotease (ALP\/SLPI) in uterine endocervical glands and in cervical adenocarcinomas","volume":"05","author":"X Tian","year":"2004","journal-title":"Oncol Rep"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2003.07.020","article-title":"The novel serine protease tumour-associated differentially expressed gene-14 (KLK8\/Neuropsin\/Ovasin) is highly overexpressed in cervical cancer","volume":"01","author":"S Cane","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2010.100105","article-title":"Ovarian cancer development and metastasis","volume":"03","author":"E Lengyel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e29533.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0029533","article-title":"Comprehensive serum profiling for the discovery of epithelial ovarian cancer biomarkers","volume":"12","author":"P Yip","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2005.06.040","article-title":"Potential markers that complement expression of CA125 in epithelial ovarian cancer","volume":"02","author":"DG Rosen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gynaecol Oncol"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1742","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-06-2482","article-title":"Primary tumour levels of human tissue kallikreins affect surgical success and survival in ovarian cancer patients","volume":"06","author":"J Dorn","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-98094-2_8","article-title":"The human kallikrein gene family: new biomarkers for ovarian cancer","volume":"149","author":"GM Yousef","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Treat Res"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.3233\/CBM-2009-0113","article-title":"Human kallikrein related peptidases 6 and 13 in combination with CA125 is a more sensitive test for ovarian cancer than CA125 alone","volume":"06","author":"N White","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Biomark"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"184","article-title":"The new human tissue kallikrein gene family: structure function and association to disease","volume":"22","author":"GM Yousef","year":"2001","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2006.03.056","article-title":"Differential gene expression profiles between tumour biopsies and short-term primary cultures of ovarian serous carcinomas: identification of novel molecular biomarkers for early diagnosis and therapy","volume":"02","author":"E Bignotti","year":"2006","journal-title":"gynaecol Oncol"},{"key":"ref43","first-page":"2363","article-title":"Human kallikrein 4 (KLK4) is highly expressed in serous ovarian carcinomas","volume":"08","author":"Y Dong","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref44","first-page":"2223","article-title":"Parallel overexpression of seven kallikrein genes in ovarian cancer","volume":"09","author":"GM Yousef","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6601603","article-title":"Predicting biomarkers for ovarian cancer using gene-expression microarrays","volume":"03","author":"TR Adib","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1159\/000030150","article-title":"Increased expression of protease M in ovarian tumours","volume":"01","author":"H Tanimoto","year":"2001","journal-title":"Tumour Biol"},{"key":"ref47","first-page":"2047","article-title":"The stratum corneum chymotryptic enzyme that mediates shedding and desquamation of skin cells is highly overexpressed in ovarian tumour cells","volume":"10","author":"H Tanimoto","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref48","first-page":"1710","article-title":"Differential splicing of KLK5 and KLK7 in epithelial ovarian cancer produces novel variants with potential as cancer biomarkers","volume":"05","author":"Y Dong","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-8258(03)00257-9","article-title":"Overexpression of kallikrein 10 in epithelial ovarian carcinomas","volume":"01","author":"HS Shvartsman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gynaecol Oncol"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2004.11.039","article-title":"Distinction between serous tumours of low malignant potential and serous carcinomas based on global mRNA expression profiling","volume":"03","author":"CB Gilks","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gynaecol Oncol"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1309\/0UA57MNAYV0MCE9U","article-title":"Steroid hormone regulation and prognostic value of the human kallikrein gene 14 in ovarian cancer","volume":"03","author":"GM Yousef","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3119","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2003.09.111","article-title":"Prognostic value of the human kallikrein gene 15 expression in ovarian cancer","volume":"16","author":"GM Yousef","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1879","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2006.071456","article-title":"Unfavourable prognostic value of human kallikrein 7 quantified by ELISA in ovarian cancer cytosols","volume":"10","author":"SJ Shan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"ref54","first-page":"1121","article-title":"Disease processes may be Reflected by correlations among tissue kallikrein proteases but not with proteolytic factors uPA and PAI-1 in primary ovarian carcinoma","volume":"08","author":"J Dorn","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6984","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-07-1409","article-title":"A multiparametric panel for ovarian cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and response to chemotherapy","volume":"23","author":"Y Zheng","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1515\/9783110303667.145","volume-title":"Clinical relevance of kallikrein-related peptidases in ovarian cancer. In: Kallikrein-related peptidases. Volume 2 - Novel cancer-related biomarkers","author":"J Dorn","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1375\/twin.14.4.323","article-title":"Kallikrein-related peptidase 3 KLK3\/PSA single nucleotide polymorphisms and ovarian cancer survival","volume":"14","author":"TA O\u2019Mara","year":"2011","journal-title":"Twin Res Hum Genet"},{"key":"ref58","first-page":"2380","article-title":"Higher human kallikrein gene 4 (KLK4) expression indicates poor prognosis of ovarian cancer patients","volume":"08","author":"CV Obiezu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1159\/000076462","article-title":"Immunofluorometric quantification of human kallikrein 5 expression in ovarian cancer cytosols and its association with unfavourable patient prognosis","volume":"06","author":"EP Diamandis","year":"2003","journal-title":"Tumour Biol"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1054\/bjoc.2000.1649","article-title":"Human kallikrein gene 5 (KLK5) expression is an indicator of poor prognosis in ovarian cancer","volume":"05","author":"H Kim","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6600533","article-title":"Immunofluorometric quantitation and histochemical localisation of kallikrein 6 protein in ovarian cancer tissue: a new independent unfavourable prognostic biomarker","volume":"07","author":"BR Hoffman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1515\/hsz-2011-0264","article-title":"Stromal cell-associated expression of kallikrein-related peptidase 6 (KLK6) indicates poor prognosis of ovarian cancer patients","volume":"391","author":"L Seiz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9120(02)00446-0","article-title":"Prognostic value of quantitatively assessed KLK7 expression in ovarian cancer","volume":"36","author":"LG Kyriakopoulou","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Biochem"},{"key":"ref64","first-page":"7811","article-title":"Quantitative expression of the human kallikrein gene 9 (KLK9) in ovarian cancer: a new independent and favourable prognostic marker","volume":"21","author":"GM Yousef","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-05-2106","article-title":"Human kallikrein 8 protein is a favourable prognostic marker in ovarian cancer","volume":"05","author":"CA Borgo\u00f1o","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref66","first-page":"2771","article-title":"Human kallikrein 8 a novel biomarker for ovarian carcinoma","volume":"63","author":"T Kishi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref67","first-page":"1153","article-title":"Human kallikrein 8 (hK8\/TADG-14) expression is associated with an early clinical stage and favourable prognosis in ovarian cancer","volume":"11","author":"K Shigemasa","year":"2004","journal-title":"Oncol Rep"},{"key":"ref68","first-page":"806","article-title":"The human KLK8 neuropsin\/ovasin gene: identification of two novel splice variants and its prognostic value in ovarian cancer","volume":"07","author":"A Magklara","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1160\/TH08-01-0052","article-title":"Expression and prognostic significance of kallikrein-related peptidase 8 protein levels in advanced ovarian cancer by using automated quantitative analysis","volume":"101","author":"P Kountourakis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref70","first-page":"2372","article-title":"Prognostic value of human kallikrein 10 expression in epithelial ovarian carcinoma","volume":"08","author":"LY Luo","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.11296","article-title":"Favourable prognostic value of tissue human kallikrein 11 (hK11) in patients with ovarian carcinoma","volume":"04","author":"CA Borgo\u00f1o","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2004.04.009","article-title":"Human kallikrein 11: an indicator of favourable prognosis in ovarian cancer patients","volume":"09","author":"EP Diamandis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Biochem"},{"key":"ref73","first-page":"768","article-title":"Human kallikrein 13 protein in ovarian cancer cytosols: a new favourable prognostic marker","volume":"04","author":"A Scorilas","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2766","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-03-0269","article-title":"Human kallikrein gene 11 (KLK11) mRNA overexpression is associated with poor prognosis in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer","volume":"08","author":"K Shigemasa","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6605280","article-title":"KLK6 and KLK13 predict tumour recurrence in epithelial ovarian carcinoma","volume":"101","author":"NM White","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1783","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdq701","article-title":"Circulating biomarker tissue kallikrein-related peptidase KLK5 impacts ovarian cancer patients\u2019 survival","volume":"08","author":"J Dorn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1111\/IGC.0b013e3181ab597f","article-title":"Human kallikrein 5: an interesting novel biomarker in ovarian cancer patients that elicits humoral response","volume":"06","author":"E Bandiera","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Cancer"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2003.02.022","article-title":"Human kallikrein 6 (hK6): a new potential serum biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of ovarian carcinoma","volume":"06","author":"EP Diamandis","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"ref79","first-page":"183","article-title":"The association with age, human tissue kallikreins 6 and 10 and hemostatic markers for survival outcome from epithelial ovarian cancer","volume":"01","author":"SC Koh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"ref80","first-page":"807","article-title":"The serum concentration of human kallikrein 10 represents a novel biomarker for ovarian cancer diagnosis and prognosis","volume":"04","author":"LY Luo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6604630","article-title":"Prediction of ovarian cancer prognosis and response to chemotherapy by a serum-based multiparametric biomarker panel","volume":"07","author":"K Oikonomopoulou","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1097\/IGC.0b013e31821283c3","article-title":"Diagnostic value of serum kallikrein-related peptidases 6 and 10 versus CA125 in ovarian cancer","volume":"04","author":"MA El Sherbini","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Cancer"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3802\/jgo.2012.23.3.175","article-title":"Combined panel of serum human tissue kallikreins and CA-125 for the detection of epithelial ovarian cancer","volume":"23","author":"SC Koh","year":"2012","journal-title":"J gynaecol Oncol"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2007.01.018","article-title":"Ovarian cancer specific kallikrein profile in effusions","volume":"105","author":"IeM Shih","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gynaecol Oncol"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2004.03.044","article-title":"Kallikrein 4 is associated with paclitaxel resistance in ovarian cancer","volume":"01","author":"Z Xi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gynaecol Oncol"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2624","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-09-3415","article-title":"Kallikrein-related peptidase 7 promotes multicellular aggregation via the alpha(5)beta(1) integrin pathway and paclitaxel chemoresistance in serous epithelial ovarian carcinoma","volume":"70","author":"Y Dong","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2010.01.041","article-title":"Analysis of chemotherapy response programs in ovarian cancers by the next-generation sequencing technologies","volume":"117","author":"L Cheng","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gynaecol Oncol"},{"key":"ref88","volume-title":"Cells of origin for cancer: an updated view from prostate cancer","author":"L Xin","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pap.0000202017.78917.18","article-title":"Update on the Gleason grading system for prostate cancer: results of an international consensus conference of urologic pathologists","volume":"13","author":"JI Epstein","year":"2006","journal-title":"Adv Anat Pathol"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2279","article-title":"Exome sequencing identifies recurrent SPOP FOXA1 and MED12 mutations in prostate cancer","volume":"44","author":"CE Barbieri","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09744","article-title":"The genomic complexity of primary human prostate cancer","volume":"470","author":"MF Berger","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08822","article-title":"The landscape of somatic copy-number alteration across human cancers","volume":"463","author":"R Beroukhim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11125","article-title":"The mutational landscape of lethal castration-resistant prostate cancer","volume":"487","author":"CS Grasso","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2010.05.026","article-title":"Integrative genomic profiling of human prostate cancer","volume":"18","author":"BS Taylor","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"ref95","first-page":"1183","article-title":"miRNAs can predict prostate cancer biochemical relapse and are involved in tumour progression","volume":"39","author":"A Fendler","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Oncol"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1080\/20014091084236","article-title":"The role of molecular forms of prostate-specific antigen (PSA or hK3) and of human glandular kallikrein 2 (hK2) in the diagnosis and monitoring of prostate cancer and in extra-prostatic disease","volume":"38","author":"C Becker","year":"2001","journal-title":"Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci"},{"key":"ref97","first-page":"4658","article-title":"Quantitation of prostate-specific antigen in serum by a sensitive enzyme immunoassay","volume":"40","author":"M Kuriyama","year":"1980","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2351","article-title":"Prostate-specific antigen and prostate cancer: prediction detection and monitoring","volume":"08","author":"H Lilja","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198710083171501","article-title":"Prostate-specific antigen as a serum marker for adenocarcinoma of the prostate","volume":"317","author":"TA Stamey","year":"1987","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2009.123","article-title":"Prostate kallikrein markers in diagnosis risk stratification and prognosis","volume":"06","author":"D Ulmert","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Rev Urol"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1348","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djs405","article-title":"Urology meeting highlights prostate, bladder cancers","volume":"104","author":"M Fillon","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2000.18.5.1036","article-title":"Serum human glandular kallikrein-2 protease levels predict the presence of prostate cancer among men with elevated prostate-specific antigen","volume":"18","author":"RK Nam","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.2009.01450.x","article-title":"Expression analysis and study of the KLK15 mRNA splice variants in prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia","volume":"101","author":"K Mavridis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer Sci"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2009-0034","article-title":"Kallikreins on steroids: structure unction and hormonal regulation of prostate-specific antigen and the extended allikrein locus","volume":"31","author":"MG Lawrence","year":"2010","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1158\/1541-7786.MCR-08-0218","article-title":"Direct progesterone receptor and indirect androgen receptor interactions with the kallikrein-related peptidase 4 gene promoter in breast and prostate cancer","volume":"07","author":"J Lai","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.4161\/epi.21524","article-title":"Quantitative DNA methylation analysis of genes coding for kallikrein-related peptidases 6 and 10 as biomarkers for prostate cancer","volume":"07","author":"E Olkhov-Mitsel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Epigenetics"},{"key":"ref107","first-page":"795","article-title":"The epigenetic basis for the aberrant expression of kallikreins in human cancers","volume":"387","author":"G Pampalakis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1515\/hsz-2011-0273","article-title":"Epigenetic regulation of kallikrein-related peptidases: there is a whole new world out there","volume":"393","author":"MD Pasic","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1159\/000089290","article-title":"Downregulation of human kallikrein 10 (KLK10\/NES1) by CpG island hypermethylation in breast ovarian and prostate cancers","volume":"26","author":"M Sidiropoulos","year":"2005","journal-title":"Tumour Biol"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1515\/hsz-2011-0246","article-title":"The miRNA-kallikrein axis of interaction: a new dimension in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer","volume":"393","author":"NM White","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol Chem"},{"issue":"S 01","key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.3109\/0284186X.2010.542174","article-title":"Tumour markers in prostate cancer I: blood-based markers","volume":"50","author":"SF Shariat","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Oncol"},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soncn.2012.05.007","article-title":"Testicular cancer","volume":"28","author":"M Viatori","year":"2012","journal-title":"Semin Oncol Nurs"},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-2042.2012.02986.x","article-title":"Epigenetics: a way to understand the origin and biology of testicular germ cell tumours","volume":"19","author":"K Okamoto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Urol"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2010.166","article-title":"Serum tumour markers in the evaluation of male germ cell tumours","volume":"07","author":"LJ Barlow","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Urol"},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1586\/era.10.219","article-title":"Serum tumour markers and their utilisation in the management of germ-cell tumours in adult males","volume":"11","author":"M Salem","year":"2011","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anticancer Ther"},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.3109\/00313021003767355","article-title":"Intratubular germ cell neoplasia of the testis and its associated cancers: the use of novel biomarkers","volume":"42","author":"RE Emerson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pathology"},{"key":"ref117","first-page":"456","article-title":"New advances in clinical biomarkers in testis cancer","volume":"02","author":"V Favilla","year":"2010","journal-title":"Front Biosci"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5033","DOI":"10.2174\/092986711797636054","article-title":"New prognostic markers and potential therapeutic targets in human testicular germ cell tumours","volume":"18","author":"P Chieffi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Med Chem"},{"key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0463.2003.11101261.x","article-title":"Human tissue kallikreins and testicular cancer","volume":"111","author":"LY Luo","year":"2003","journal-title":"APMIS"},{"key":"ref120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(02)01811-3","article-title":"Differential expression of Kallikrein gene 5 in cancerous and normal testicular tissues","volume":"60","author":"GM Yousef","year":"2002","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1054\/bjoc.2001.1870","article-title":"Expression of the normal epithelial cell-specific 1 (NES1; KLK10) candidate tumour suppressor gene in normal and malignant testicular tissue","volume":"85","author":"LY Luo","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"ref122","first-page":"3147","article-title":"Identification and molecular characterisation of five novel kallikrein gene 13 (KLK13; KLK-L4) splice variants: differential expression in the human testis and testicular cancer","volume":"21","author":"A Chang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"ref123","first-page":"3425","article-title":"Cloning of a new member of the human kallikrein gene family, KLK14, which is down-regulated in different malignancies","volume":"61","author":"GM Yousef","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-4598-8-20","article-title":"From bench to bedside: current and future applications of molecular profiling in renal cell carcinoma","volume":"08","author":"A Arsanious","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol Cancer"},{"key":"ref125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2006.06.010","article-title":"Epidemiologic aspects of renal cell carcinoma","volume":"33","author":"JK McLaughlin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Semin Oncol"},{"key":"ref126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-198210000-00007","article-title":"Prognostic significance of morphologic parameters in renal cell carcinoma","volume":"06","author":"SA Fuhrman","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"ref127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8493574","article-title":"Identification of the von Hippel-Lindau disease tumour suppressor gene","volume":"260","author":"F Latif","year":"1993","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002312","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1002312","article-title":"von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) inactivation in sporadic clear cell renal cancer: associations with germline VHL polymorphisms and etiologic risk factors","volume":"07","author":"LE Moore","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"key":"ref129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1515\/bc.2010.041","article-title":"Dysregulation of kallikrein-related peptidases in renal cell carcinoma: potential targets of miRNAs","volume":"391","author":"NM White","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5273","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-12-0656","article-title":"Multilevel whole-genome analysis reveals candidate biomarkers in clear cell renal cell carcinoma","volume":"72","author":"AH Girgis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2011.04.003","article-title":"Translating molecular signatures of renal cell carcinoma into clinical practice","volume":"186","author":"NM White","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"ref132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-12-310","article-title":"Integrative genome-wide expression profiling identifies three distinct molecular subgroups of renal cell carcinoma with different patient outcome","volume":"12","author":"M Beleut","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"ref133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2011.01.004","article-title":"Accurate molecular classification of kidney cancer subtypes using microRNA signature","volume":"59","author":"YM Youssef","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"ref134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000090150","article-title":"Prognostic implications of the immunohistochemical expression of human kallikreins 5, 6, 10 and 11 in renal cell carcinoma","volume":"27","author":"CD Petraki","year":"2006","journal-title":"Tumour Biol"},{"key":"ref135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc1474","article-title":"The emerging roles of human tissue kallikreins in cancer","volume":"04","author":"CA Borgono","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"ref136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1016\/S0094-0143(03)00060-0","article-title":"Evaluation and follow-up strategies for superficial bladder cancer","volume":"30","author":"SM Donat","year":"2003","journal-title":"Urol Clin North Am"},{"key":"ref137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4602","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.07.757","article-title":"Long-term survival results of a randomized trial comparing gemcitabine plus cisplatin with methotrexate vinblastine doxorubicin plus cisplatin in patients with bladder cancer","volume":"23","author":"H von der Maase","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"ref138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.2007.00495.x","article-title":"Association of KLK5 overexpression with invasiveness of urinary bladder carcinoma cells","volume":"98","author":"Y Shinoda","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer Sci"},{"key":"ref139","first-page":"4149","article-title":"Immunohistochemical detection of prostate-specific antigen expression in primary urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder","volume":"28","author":"JC Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"ref140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1309\/V1RY91NKX5ARW2Q5","article-title":"Prostate-specific antigen high-molecular-weight cytokeratin (clone 34betaE12) and\/or p63: an optimal immunohistochemical panel to distinguish poorly differentiated prostate adenocarcinoma from urothelial carcinoma","volume":"125","author":"LP Kunju","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1322","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e3181656ca0","article-title":"Immunohistochemical expression of prostatic antigens in adenocarcinoma and villous adenoma of the urinary bladder","volume":"32","author":"Z Lane","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"ref142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0162-3109(97)00024-6","article-title":"Tissue kallikrein and the bradykinin B2 receptor are expressed in endometrial and prostate cancers","volume":"36","author":"J Clements","year":"1997","journal-title":"Immunopharmacology"},{"key":"ref143","first-page":"1855","article-title":"Glandular kallikrein gene expression in the human uterus","volume":"27","author":"J Clements","year":"1994","journal-title":"Braz J Med Biol Res"},{"key":"ref144","first-page":"1536","article-title":"Glandular kallikreins and prostate-specific antigen are expressed in the human endometrium","volume":"78","author":"J Clements","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6602480","article-title":"Gene expression fingerprint of uterine serous papillary carcinoma: identification of novel molecular markers for uterine serous cancer diagnosis and therapy","volume":"92","author":"AD Santin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"ref146","first-page":"172","article-title":"Determination of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in cytosol of breast tumours and human endometrium--new diagnostic approaches","volume":"120","author":"E Seliger","year":"1998","journal-title":"Zentralbl Gynakol"},{"key":"ref147","first-page":"4735","article-title":"Prostate specific antigen PSA in breast and ovarian cancer","volume":"17","author":"E Kucera","year":"1997","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"ref148","first-page":"1603","article-title":"Expression of the prostate-specific antigen gene by a primary ovarian carcinoma","volume":"55","author":"H Yu","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1309\/PTBB5BPCKX8K9V69","article-title":"Kallikrein 4 expression is up-regulated in epithelial ovarian carcinoma cells in effusions","volume":"123","author":"B Davidson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"ref150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63306-8","article-title":"Differential gene expression in ovarian carcinoma: identification of potential biomarkers","volume":"165","author":"K Hibbs","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/48.8.1241","article-title":"Human kallikrein gene 5 KLK5 expression by quantitative PCR: an independent indicator of poor prognosis in breast cancer","volume":"48","author":"GM Yousef","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"ref152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03401646","article-title":"Novel protease homolog differentially expressed in breast and ovarian cancer","volume":"02","author":"A Anisowicz","year":"1996","journal-title":"Mol Med"},{"key":"ref153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-11-0329","article-title":"Implementing an online tool for genome-wide validation of survival-associated biomarkers in ovarian-cancer using microarray data from 1287 patients","volume":"19","author":"B Gyorffy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Endocr Relat Cancer"},{"key":"ref154","first-page":"520","article-title":"Correlation of hK6 expression with clinicopathological features and prognosis in epithelial ovarian cancer","volume":"31","author":"CJ Hu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi"},{"key":"ref155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3291","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-03-0409","article-title":"Selection of potential markers for epithelial ovarian cancer with gene expression arrays and recursive descent partition analysis","volume":"10","author":"KH Lu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6602041","article-title":"Characterisation of human kallikrein 6\/protease M expression in ovarian cancer","volume":"91","author":"X Ni","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"ref157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6603556","article-title":"Transcriptional upregulation of human tissue kallikrein 6 in ovarian cancer: clinical and mechanistic aspects","volume":"96","author":"SJ Shan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"ref158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3410","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0530278100","article-title":"Large-scale delineation of secreted protein biomarkers overexpressed in cancer tissue and serum","volume":"100","author":"JB Welsh","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"ref159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1159\/000081393","article-title":"In silico analysis of the human kallikrein gene 6","volume":"25","author":"GM Yousef","year":"2004","journal-title":"Tumour Biol"},{"key":"ref160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdn035","article-title":"Human tissue kallikrein 7 a novel biomarker for advanced ovarian carcinoma using a novel in situ quantitative method of protein expression","volume":"19","author":"A Psyrri","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"ref161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1309\/0UA57MNAYV0MCE9U","article-title":"Steroid hormone regulation and prognostic value of the human kallikrein gene 14 in ovarian cancer","volume":"119","author":"GM Yousef","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"ref162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-11-119","article-title":"A kallikrein 15 KLK15 single nucleotide polymorphism located close to a novel exon shows evidence of association with poor ovarian cancer survival","volume":"11","author":"J Batra","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"ref163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1515\/BC.2008.013","article-title":"Tissue-specific promoter utilisation of the kallikrein-related peptidase genes KLK5 and KLK7 and cellular localisation of the encoded proteins suggest roles in exocrine pancreatic function","volume":"389","author":"Y Dong","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37397","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M004525200","article-title":"Tissue-specific expression patterns and fine mapping of the human kallikrein (KLK) locus on proximal 19q13.4","volume":"275","author":"TJ Harvey","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1006\/geno.2000.6490","article-title":"Identification and characterisation of KLK14 a novel kallikrein serine protease gene located on human chromosome 19q13.4 and expressed in prostate and skeletal muscle","volume":"73","author":"JD Hooper","year":"2001","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"ref166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2003.029538","article-title":"Development of an immunofluorometric assay and quantification of human kallikrein 7 in tissue extracts and biological fluids","volume":"50","author":"T Kishi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"ref167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2005.049692","article-title":"Human kallikrein 4: quantitative study in tissues and evidence for its secretion into biological fluids","volume":"51","author":"CV Obiezu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"ref168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2000.3448","article-title":"Genomic organisation of the human kallikrein gene family on chromosome 19q13.3-q13.4","volume":"276","author":"GM Yousef","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"ref169","first-page":"4252","article-title":"Prostase\/KLK-L1 is a new member of the human kallikrein gene family expressed in prostate and breast tissues and is hormonally regulated","volume":"59","author":"GM Yousef","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1080\/20014091084236","article-title":"The role of molecular forms of prostate-specific antigen (PSA or hK3) and of human glandular kallikrein 2 (hK2) in the diagnosis and monitoring of prostate cancer and in extra-prostatic disease","volume":"38","author":"C Becker","year":"2001","journal-title":"Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci"},{"key":"ref171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(98)00245-3","article-title":"In prostatism patients the ratio of human glandular kallikrein to free PSA improves the discrimination between prostate cancer and benign hyperplasia within the diagnostic \"gray zone\" of total PSA 4 to 10 ng\/mL","volume":"52","author":"MK Kwiatkowski","year":"1998","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"ref172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1960","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/45.11.1960","article-title":"The combination of human glandular kallikrein and free prostate-specific antigen (PSA) enhances discrimination between prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia in patients with moderately increased total PSA","volume":"45","author":"A Magklara","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"ref173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/48.8.1265","article-title":"Simultaneous quantification of prostate-specific antigen and human glandular kallikrein 2 mRNA in blood samples from patients with prostate cancer and benign disease","volume":"48","author":"A Ylikoski","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"ref174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1918","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2007.06.006","article-title":"PSA and other tissue kallikreins for prostate cancer detection","volume":"43","author":"C Stephan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"ref175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.22427","article-title":"Free PSA isoforms and intact and cleaved forms of urokinase plasminogen activator receptor in serum improve selection of patients for prostate cancer biopsy","volume":"120","author":"T Steuber","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"ref176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2006.074963","article-title":"Comparison of free and total forms of serum human kallikrein 2 and prostate-specific antigen for prediction of locally advanced and recurrent prostate cancer","volume":"53","author":"T Steuber","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"ref177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1780","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.21395","article-title":"Kallikrein-related peptidase 4 gene (KLK4) in prostate tumours: quantitative expression analysis and evaluation of its clinical significance","volume":"71","author":"M Avgeris","year":"2011","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"ref178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1677\/erc.1.01062","article-title":"Compartmentalized expression of kallikrein 4 (KLK4\/hK4) isoforms in prostate cancer: nuclear cytoplasmic and secreted forms","volume":"12","author":"Y Dong","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocr Relat Cancer"},{"key":"ref179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5221","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-06-4728","article-title":"Kallikrein 4 is a proliferative factor that is overexpressed in prostate cancer","volume":"67","author":"TI Klokk","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.pcan.4500674","article-title":"Immunohistochemical localisation of human kallikreins 6 10 and 13 in benign and malignant prostatic tissues","volume":"06","author":"CD Petraki","year":"2003","journal-title":"Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis"},{"key":"ref181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1023394030036","article-title":"Immunohistochemical localisation of human kallikreins 6 and 10 in pancreatic islets","volume":"34","author":"CD Petraki","year":"2002","journal-title":"Histochem J"},{"key":"ref182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12293","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M709493200","article-title":"Kallikrein-related peptidase 4 (KLK4) initiates intracellular signaling via protease-activated receptors (PARs; KLK4 and PAR-2 are co-expressed during prostate cancer progression","volume":"283","author":"AJ Ramsay","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1515\/bc.2010.033","article-title":"Polyclonal antibodies against kallikrein-related peptidase 4 (KLK4): immunohistochemical assessment of KLK4 expression in healthy tissues and prostate cancer","volume":"391","author":"L Seiz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23210","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.33.23210","article-title":"Localisation of a new prostate-specific antigen-related serine protease gene KLK4 is evidence for an expanded human kallikrein gene family cluster on chromosome 19q13.3-13.4","volume":"274","author":"SA Stephenson","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2008.103788","article-title":"Quantitative analysis of human kallikrein 5 (KLK5) expression in prostate needle biopsies: an independent cancer biomarker","volume":"55","author":"D Korbakis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"ref186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.10067","article-title":"Down-regulation of the human kallikrein gene 5 (KLK5) in prostate cancer tissues","volume":"51","author":"GM Yousef","year":"2002","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"ref187","first-page":"298","article-title":"Immunohistochemical localisation and analysis of kallikrein-related peptidase 7 and 11 expression in paired cancer and benign foci in prostate cancer patients","volume":"58","author":"T Jamaspishvili","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neoplasma"},{"key":"ref188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1796","DOI":"10.5858\/132.11.1796","article-title":"Expression of the serine protease kallikrein 7 and its inhibitor antileukoprotease is decreased in prostate cancer","volume":"132","author":"Q Xuan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"ref189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1119(00)00280-8","article-title":"The KLK7 (PRSS6) gene encoding for the stratum corneum chymotryptic enzyme is a new member of the human kallikrein gene family - genomic characterisation mapping tissue expression and hormonal regulation","volume":"254","author":"GM Yousef","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"ref190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1373\/49.1.87","article-title":"Human kallikrein 8: immunoassay development and identification in tissue extracts and biological fluids","volume":"49","author":"T Kishi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"ref191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-009-9185-0","article-title":"Association of TMPRSS2 and KLK11 gene expression levels with clinical progression of human prostate cancer","volume":"27","author":"X Bi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med Oncol"},{"key":"ref192","first-page":"295","article-title":"Human kallikrein 11: a new biomarker of prostate and ovarian carcinoma","volume":"62","author":"EP Diamandis","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-05-1696","article-title":"Purification and characterisation of human kallikrein 11 a candidate prostate and ovarian cancer biomarker from seminal plasma","volume":"12","author":"LY Luo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1515\/BC.2006.099","article-title":"mRNA expression analysis of human kallikrein 11 (KLK11) may be useful in the discrimination of benign prostatic hyperplasia from prostate cancer after needle prostate biopsy","volume":"387","author":"A Scorilas","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cccn.2005.03.026","article-title":"Expression analysis and prognostic significance of human kallikrein 11 in prostate cancer","volume":"357","author":"P Stavropoulou","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"ref196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.20596","article-title":"Human kallikrein-related peptidase 12: antibody generation and immunohistochemical localisation in prostatic tissues","volume":"67","author":"N Memari","year":"2007","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"ref197","first-page":"6543","article-title":"The usefulness of serum human kallikrein 11 for discriminating between prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia","volume":"63","author":"T Nakamura","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(02)02443-3","article-title":"Quantitative analysis of hippostasin\/KLK11 gene expression in cancerous and noncancerous prostatic tissues","volume":"61","author":"T Nakamura","year":"2003","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"ref199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000132565","article-title":"High expression of KLK14 in prostatic adenocarcinoma is associated with elevated risk of prostate-specific antigen relapse","volume":"29","author":"A Rabien","year":"2008","journal-title":"Tumour Biol"},{"key":"ref200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.10263","article-title":"Differential expression of the human kallikrein gene 14 (KLK14) in normal and cancerous prostatic tissues","volume":"56","author":"GM Yousef","year":"2003","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"ref201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0870005","article-title":"Expression of tissue kallikrein in human kidney","volume":"87","author":"AD Cumming","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Lond)"},{"key":"ref202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/S0162-3109(99)00059-4","article-title":"The human tissue kallikreins (KLKs 1-3) and a novel KLK1 mRNA transcript are expressed in a renal cell carcinoma cDNA library","volume":"45","author":"F Rae","year":"1999","journal-title":"Immunopharmacology"},{"key":"ref203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1515\/BC.2006.091","article-title":"Activation and enzymatic characterisation of recombinant human kallikrein 8","volume":"387","author":"T Kishi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2012-0247","article-title":"Kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs): a gene family of novel cancer biomarkers","volume":"50","author":"CK Kontos","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"key":"ref205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2012.09.005","article-title":"Targeting the kallikrein-related peptidases for drug development","volume":"33","author":"G Sotiropoulou","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"ref206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1515\/bc.2010.055","article-title":"Interdependence of kallikrein-related peptidases in proteolytic networks","volume":"391","author":"N Beaufort","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1515\/BC.2008.075","article-title":"Structures and specificity of the human kallikrein-related peptidases KLK 4, 5, 6, and 7","volume":"389","author":"M Debela","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biol Chem"}],"container-title":["Thrombosis and Haemostasis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1160\/TH13-03-0206.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]],"date-time":"2024-05-12T09:47:42Z","timestamp":1715507262000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1160\/TH13-03-0206"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013]]},"references-count":204,"journal-issue":{"issue":"09","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1160\/th13-03-0206","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0340-6245","2567-689X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0340-6245","type":"print"},{"value":"2567-689X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013]]}}}