{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T22:52:47Z","timestamp":1789771967685,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Thromb Haemost"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Up to 15% of all patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) receive an inferior vena cava filter, and prophylactic placements are increasing. To determine whether current use of filters is based on robust evidence, a global review of the recent (2001\u20132012) literature on filters was undertaken. The MEDLINE database was searched for articles related to filters appearing during the period 2001\u20132012, updating a prior search of literature from 1975\u20132001. All retrieved articles were analysed, classified into predetermined categories and compared to the prior analysis; randomised and large (&gt;100 patients with a filter) comparative non-randomised clinical studies were read in full. The 651 articles, vs 568 in the period 1975\u20132000, consisted mainly of retrospective series (37.8%), case reports (31.7%), reviews (14.7%, vs 6.7%, p&lt;0.001), animal and\/or in vitro studies (7.5%, vs 12.9%, p=0.002), and prospective series or trials (4.9%, vs 7.4%, p=0.07). Of 4 new randomised trials (RCT), none were designed to test the efficacy of the device; to date, only one RCT has attempted to ascertain efficacy, occurring during the period 1975\u20132000. Eleven large non-randomised studies compared clinical outcomes of patients with and without filters, in VTE patients (n=5) or prophylactic indications (n=6); two studies found statistically significant relationships between filter use and lower mortality rates, though none could demonstrate a causal relationship. Hence, the plethoric literature on filters parallels growing experience with these devices, but still fails to provide reliable evidence that filter use improves relevant clinical outcomes. No indication for filter placement is based on appropriate scientific evidence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1160\/th13-07-0601","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,28]],"date-time":"2013-11-28T10:03:49Z","timestamp":1385633029000},"page":"761-769","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Medical literature, vena cava filters and evidence of efficacy"],"prefix":"10.1160","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Guy","family":"Meyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florence","family":"Parent","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Mismetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Girard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"S 02","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e278S","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-2404","article-title":"Prevention of VTE in orthopedic surgery patients: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines.","volume":"141","author":"Y Falck-Ytter","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"S 02","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e227S","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-2297","article-title":"Prevention of VTE in nonorthopedic surgical patients: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines.","volume":"141","author":"MK Gould","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"S 02","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e195S","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-2296","article-title":"Prevention of VTE in nonsurgical patients: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines.","volume":"141","author":"SR Kahn","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"S 02","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e419S","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-2301","article-title":"Antithrombotic therapy for VTE disease: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines.","volume":"141","author":"C Kearon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1955","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2011.527","article-title":"Efforts to optimize patient benefit from inferior vena cava filters: comment on \u201cRetrieval of inferior vena caval filters after prolonged indwelling time\u201d.","volume":"171","author":"T Minichiello","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.122.3.963","article-title":"Medical literature and vena cava filters: so far so weak.","volume":"122","author":"P Girard","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199802123380701","article-title":"A clinical trial of vena caval filters in the prevention of pulmonary embolism in patients with proximal deep-vein thrombosis. Prevention du Risque d\u2019Embolie Pulmonaire par Interruption Cave Study Group [see comments].","volume":"338","author":"H Decousus","year":"1998","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2013.2725","article-title":"The inferior vena cava filter: how could a medical device be so well accepted without any evidence of efficacy?","volume":"173","author":"V Prasad","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.512834","article-title":"Eight-year follow-up of patients with permanent vena cava filters in the prevention of pulmonary embolism: the PREPIC (Prevention du Risque d\u2019Embolie Pulmonaire par Interruption Cave) randomised study.","volume":"112","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.blre.2004.08.002","article-title":"The role of vena caval filters in the management of venous thromboembolism.","volume":"19","author":"CL Hann","year":"2005","journal-title":"Blood Rev"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1950","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2006.02082.x","article-title":"Fatal pulmonary embolism and fatal bleeding in cancer patients with venous thromboembolism: findings from the RIETE registry.","volume":"4","author":"M Monreal","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1160\/TH04-10-0645","article-title":"High utilization rate of vena cava filters in deep vein thrombosis.","volume":"93","author":"MR Jaff","year":"2005","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2007.08.057","article-title":"Changes in inferior vena cava filter placement over the past decade at a large community-based academic health center.","volume":"47","author":"TE Yunus","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2009.09.067","article-title":"Trends in vena caval interruption.","volume":"52","author":"PS Moore","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"ref15","first-page":"764","article-title":"The increasing use of vena cava filters in adult trauma victims: data from the American College of Surgeons National Trauma Data Bank.","volume":"63","author":"SR Shackford","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2011.02.021","article-title":"Increasing use of vena cava filters for prevention of pulmonary embolism.","volume":"124","author":"PD Stein","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"1","article-title":"High variation between hospitals in vena cava filter use for venous thromboembol-ism.","author":"RH White","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Internal Med"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"2304","article-title":"Method guidelines for Cochrane Mus-culoskeletal Group systematic reviews.","volume":"33","author":"L Maxwell","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2865","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-012-1413-z","article-title":"Investigating the benefit of adding a vena cava filter to anticoagulation with fondaparinux sodium in patients with cancer and venous thromboembolism in a prospective randomised clinical trial.","volume":"20","author":"MF Barginear","year":"2012","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"323","article-title":"A pilot study on the randomization of inferior vena cava filter placement for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in high-risk trauma patients.","volume":"71","author":"A Rajasekhar","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2010.02.280","article-title":"Prospective randomised study comparing the clinical outcomes between inferior vena cava Greenfield and TrapEase filters.","volume":"52","author":"F Usoh","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2012.13.4.483","article-title":"Introducer curving technique for the prevention of tilting of transfemoral Gunther Tulip inferior vena cava filter.","volume":"13","author":"L Xiao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Korean J Radiol"},{"issue":"S 02","key":"ref24","first-page":"28","article-title":"Prevention of pulmonary embolism recurrences by retrievable vena cava filter: results of the randomised multicenter trial PREPIC 2.","volume":"11","author":"P Mismetti","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"CD006212.","article-title":"Vena caval filters for the prevention of pulmonary embolism.","author":"T Young","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1848","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2007.02668.x","article-title":"Efficacy of inferior vena cava filters in anticoagulated patients.","volume":"5","author":"HH Billett","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2007.08.005","article-title":"Efficacy of prophylactic inferior vena cava filter placement in bariatric surgery.","volume":"3","author":"FN Obeid","year":"2007","journal-title":"Surg Obes Relat Dis"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1893","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181e91dad","article-title":"Efficacy of prophylactic placement of inferior vena cava filter in patients undergoing spinal surgery.","volume":"35","author":"C Ozturk","year":"2010","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3181e61e4f","article-title":"Preoperative placement of inferior vena cava filters and outcomes after gastric bypass surgery.","volume":"252","author":"NJ Birkmeyer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1456","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2010.272","article-title":"A population-based study of inferior vena cava filters in patients with acute venous thromboembolism.","volume":"170","author":"FA Spencer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2011.05.025","article-title":"Impact of vena cava filters on in-hospital case fatality rate from pulmonary embolism.","volume":"125","author":"PD Stein","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.68.816","article-title":"Inferior vena cava filter is a new additional therapeutic option to reduce mortality from acute pulmonary embolism.","volume":"68","author":"M Sakuma","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-007-0025-9","article-title":"A five-year, retrospective, comparison review of survival in neurosurgical patients diagnosed with venous thromboembolism and treated with either inferior vena cava filters or anticoagulants.","volume":"24","author":"AJ Ghanim","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Thromb Thrombolysis"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-008-9794-2","article-title":"Risk-group targeted inferior vena cava filter placement in gastric bypass patients.","volume":"19","author":"DW Overby","year":"2009","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1690","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2011.12.056","article-title":"Concurrent prophylactic placement of inferior vena cava filter in gastric bypass and adjustable banding operations in the Bari-atric Outcomes Longitudinal Database.","volume":"55","author":"W Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2012.06192.x","article-title":"Pulmonary embolism and the use of vena cava filters after major trauma.","volume":"82","author":"LM Batty","year":"2012","journal-title":"ANZ J Surg"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.09-0153","article-title":"Intracardiac migration of inferior vena cava filters: review of published data.","volume":"136","author":"CA Owens","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1827","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2010.316","article-title":"Prevalence of fracture and fragment embolization of Bard retrievable vena cava filters and clinical implications including cardiac perforation and tamponade.","volume":"170","author":"W Nicholson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2011.548","article-title":"Frequent fracture of TrapEase inferior vena cava filters: a long-term follow-up assessment.","volume":"172","author":"M Sano","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"S 06","key":"ref40","first-page":"381S","article-title":"Prevention of venous thromboembol-ism: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines (8th Edition).","volume":"133","author":"WH Geerts","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"S 02","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53S","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-2288","article-title":"Methodology for the development of antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis guidelines: Antithrom-botic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines.","volume":"141","author":"GH Guyatt","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1160\/TH13-01-0006","article-title":"Vena cava filters in hospitalised patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pulmonary embolism.","volume":"109","author":"PD Stein","year":"2013","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1160\/TH08-06-0390","article-title":"Clinical outcome of patients with major bleeding after venous thromboembolism. Findings from the RIETE Registry.","volume":"100","author":"JA Nieto","year":"2008","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1788","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e318214914f","article-title":"Management of massive and submassive pulmonary embolism, iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis, and chronic throm-boembolic pulmonary hypertension: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association.","volume":"123","author":"MR Jaff","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2006.06226.x","article-title":"Guidelines on use of vena cava filters.","volume":"134","author":"British Committee for Standards in Haematology Writing G","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"}],"container-title":["Thrombosis and Haemostasis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1160\/TH13-07-0601.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,31]],"date-time":"2023-05-31T12:18:23Z","timestamp":1685535503000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1160\/TH13-07-0601"}},"subtitle":["A descriptive review"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"04","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1160\/th13-07-0601","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0340-6245","2567-689X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0340-6245","type":"print"},{"value":"2567-689X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014]]}}}