{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T10:38:19Z","timestamp":1788777499227,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"08","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000014","name":"Canadian Blood Services","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000014","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research Operating Grant"},{"name":"Ontario Graduate Scholarship"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Thromb Haemost"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Haemostatic impairments are studied in vivo using one of several murine bleeding models. However it is not known whether these models are equally appropriate for assessing coagulation or platelet function defects. It was our study objective to assess the performance of arterial, venous and combined arterial and venous murine bleeding models towards impaired coagulation or platelet function. Unfractionated heparin (UFH) or \u03b1IIb\u03b23 inhibitory antibody (Leo.H4) were administered to mice, and their effects on bleeding in saphenous vein, artery, and tail tip transection models were quantified and correlated with their effects on plasma clotting and ADP-induced platelet aggregation, respectively. All models exhibited similar sensitivity with UFH (EC50 dose = 0.19, 0.13 and 0.07 U\/g, respectively) (95% CI = 0.14 \u2013 0.27, 0.08 \u2013 0.20, and 0.03 \u2013 0.16 U\/g, respectively). Maximal inhibition of ex vivo plasma clotting could be achieved with UFH doses as low as 0.03 U\/g. In contrast, the saphenous vein bleeding model was less sensitive to \u03b1IIb\u03b23 inhibition (EC50 = 6.9 \u00b5g\/ml) than tail transection or saphenous artery bleeding models (EC50 = 0.12 and 0.37 \u00b5g\/ml, respectively) (95% CI = 2.4 \u2013 20, 0.05 \u2013 0.33, and 0.06 \u2013 2.2 \u00b5g\/ml, respectively). The EC50 of Leo.H4 for ADP-induced platelet aggregation in vitro (8.0 \u00b5g\/ml) was at least 20-fold higher than that of the tail and arterial, but not the venous bleeding model. In conclusion, venous, arterial and tail bleeding models are similarly affected by impaired coagulation, while platelet function defects have a greater influence in models incorporating arterial injury.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1160\/th13-11-0919","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,3]],"date-time":"2014-04-03T07:39:06Z","timestamp":1396510746000},"page":"412-418","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Comparison of the effect of coagulation and platelet function\nimpairments on various mouse bleeding models"],"prefix":"10.1160","volume":"112","author":[{"given":"Nima","family":"Vaezzadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ran","family":"Ni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul Y.","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey I.","family":"Weitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter L.","family":"Gross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1787","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-10-250910","article-title":"Endothelial-derived tissue factor pathway inhibitor regulates arterial thrombosis but is not required for development or hemostasis","volume":"116","author":"TA White","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-07-297713","article-title":"The kinetics of alphaIIbbeta3 activation determines the size and stability of thrombi in mice: implications for antiplatelet therapy","volume":"117","author":"M Stolla","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3103","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20071800","article-title":"Talin is required for integrin-mediated platelet function in hemostasis and thrombosis","volume":"204","author":"BG Petrich","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI17864","article-title":"P2Y12 regulates platelet adhesion\/activation, thrombus growth, and thrombus stability in injured arteries","volume":"112","author":"P Andre","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1160\/TH08-08-0535","article-title":"A long-lasting, plasmin-activatable thrombin inhibitor aids clot lysis in vitro and does not promote bleeding in vivo","volume":"101","author":"WP Sheffield","year":"2009","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"1123","article-title":"A critical role for extracellular protein disulfide isomerase during thrombus formation in mice","volume":"118","author":"J Cho","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2012.04716.x","article-title":"Diannexin, an annexin A5 homodimer, binds phosphatidylserine with high affinity and is a potent inhibitor of platelet-mediated events during thrombus formation","volume":"10","author":"ML Rand","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1612950","article-title":"Plasmin generation plays different roles in the formation and removal of arterial and venous thrombus in mice","volume":"87","author":"H Matsuno","year":"2002","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-012-0745-3","article-title":"A platelet target for venous thrombosis? 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