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Since plaque rupture and erosion cause most acute coronary syndromes, appropriately tuned anti-inflammatory treatments should limit myocardial infarction and cardiovascular death. Beyond interrupting inflammation-related plaque disruption, such treatments might, however, also ameliorate the propensity to thrombosis once the trigger (plaque rupture or erosion) has occurred. Several lines of evidence support this view: experimental data document the role of inflammation in platelet activation, tissue factor-mediated coagulation, hyperfibrinogenaemia, impaired activity of natural anticoagulants (including those expressed by endothelial cells), and reduced fibrinolytic activity. Supporting evidence also derives from the involvement of inflammation in venous thrombosis, a process that commonly occurs in the absence of traditional risk factors for atherosclerosis but is associated with several inflammatory diseases including obesity. Ongoing trials, in addition to evaluating effects on primary outcomes, will afford the opportunity to probe the possibility that anti-inflammatory interventions that yield salutary changes in biomarkers of the thrombotic\/fibrinolytic balance also translate into reduction of clinical events.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1160\/th16-03-0246","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,18]],"date-time":"2016-08-18T07:58:25Z","timestamp":1471507105000},"page":"1012-1021","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Inflammation and thrombosis \u2013 testing the hypothesis with anti- inflammatory drug trials"],"prefix":"10.1160","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"Emilia","family":"D\u2019Ugo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Libby","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raffaele","family":"De Caterina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.1160\/TH16-03-0246-1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ramji DP, Davies TS. 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