{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T07:02:22Z","timestamp":1761894142435},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"08","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Thromb Haemost"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term predictive value of the haemostatic,inflammatory and haemorheologic disturbances in transmural myocardial infarction (MI). Sixty-four (59 male) consecutive survivors of a MI, with a mean age of 58.3 \u00b1 12.0 years, were followed over a period of 36 months. Eighteen patients had a cardiovascular event defined as the composite of death, non-fatal MI, unstable angina and stroke. The haemostatic (protein C activity-PtC, antithrombin III, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1), haemorheologic (blood fluidity and components, erythrocyte membrane fluidity) and inflammatory (polymorphonuclear elastase, leukocyte count) profiles were determined at hospital discharge, using standard methodology. Our results can be summarized as follow: (i) at hospital discharge, the subgroup of patients with events had higher leuko-cyte count (7833.0 \u00b1 1696.0 vs. 10294.0 \u00b1 3129.0; p= 0.011), lower PtC (100.65 \u00b1 19.08 vs.81.25 \u00b1 19.95;p = 0.002),and lower erythrocyte aggregation (14.26 \u00b1 5.94 vs.11.47 \u00b1 3.45;p = 0.031) in relation to the ones without events;(ii) By Cox regression the protein C activity lower tertile (OR 0.169; 0.045 \u2013 0.628; p=0.008); erythrocyte membrane outer layer fluidity upper tertile (OR 0.067; 95% CI 0.011 \u2013 0.393; p=0.003); and erythrocyte aggregation lower tertile (OR 0.182; 0.038 \u2013 0.876; p= 0.034) were independent predictors of the composite endpoint. We can conclude that some haemostatic, haemorheologic and inflammatory disturbances,at hospital discharge,are long-term independent predictors of recurrent cardiovascular events in transmural myocardial infarction survivors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1160\/th04-12-0791","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,14]],"date-time":"2005-07-14T13:52:10Z","timestamp":1121349130000},"page":"380-388","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Long-term prognostic value of protein C activity, erythrocyte aggregation and membrane fluidity in transmural myocardial infarction"],"prefix":"10.1160","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Carlota","family":"Saldanha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Carlota","family":"Perdig\u00e3o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.","family":"Martins e Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Sargento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1613020","article-title":"Fibrinogen, viscosity and white blood cell count predict myocardial, but not cerebral infarction: Evidence from the Caerphilly and Speedwell cohort","volume":"87","author":"I Baker","year":"2002","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1614066","article-title":"Blood rheology, cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular disease: The West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study","volume":"84","author":"G Lowe","year":"2000","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"165","article-title":"Biohemorheologic factors and the cardiovascular events curve in transmural myocardial infarction survivors. 24 months follow-up","volume":"21","author":"L Sargento","year":"2002","journal-title":"Rev Port Cardiol"},{"key":"ref4","first-page":"245","article-title":"Hemorheological parameters in coronary arety disease","volume":"18","author":"G Kesmarky","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Hemorheol Microc"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199503093321003","article-title":"Haemostatic factors and the risk of myocardial infarction and sudden death in patients with angina pectoris","volume":"332","author":"SG Thompson","year":"1995","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.20.8.2019","article-title":"Plasma levels of tissue plasminogen activator \/ plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 complex and von Willebrand factor are significant risk factors for recurrent myocardial infarction in the Stockholm Heart Epidemology Program (SHEEP) study","volume":"20","author":"B Wiman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"171","article-title":"Evaluation of tissue plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor-I levels in acute myocardial infarction","volume":"27","author":"S Yamada","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Cardiol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.19.3.493","article-title":"Fibrinolytic activation markers predict myocardial infarc- tion in the elderly. The Cardiovascular Health Study","volume":"19","author":"M Cushman","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2057","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.94.9.2057","article-title":"Fibrinolytic factors and the risk of myocardial infarction or sudden death in patients with angina pectors. ECAT Study group. European concerted action on Thrombosis and Disabilities","volume":"94","author":"I Juhan-Vague","year":"1996","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1053\/euhj.2000.2127","article-title":"Tissue plasminogen activator and leukocyte elastase as predictors of cardiovascular events in subjects with angina pectoris: Edinburgh Artery Study","volume":"21","author":"FB Smith","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"121","article-title":"The role of hemorheologic factors in the coronary circulation","volume":"11","author":"OK Baskurt","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin Hemorheol"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"111","article-title":"Impairment of the erythrocyte membrane fluidity in survivors of acute myocardial infarction. A prospective study","volume":"20","author":"C Saldanha","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Hemorheol Microc"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)92207-1","article-title":"Geographical variations in plasma viscosity and relation to coronary event rates","volume":"334","author":"JW Koenig","year":"1994","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1613477","article-title":"Evidence of prolonged disturbances in the haemostatic, haemorheologic and inflammatory profiles in transmural myocardial infarction survivors. A 12 months follow-up study","volume":"89","author":"L Sargento","year":"2003","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1614557","article-title":"Predictive value of coagulation markers concerning clinical outcome 90 days after anterior myocardial infarction","volume":"81","author":"CE Demple","year":"1999","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1614","DOI":"10.1053\/euhj.2000.2148","article-title":"Erythrocyte sedimentation rate: a possible marker of atherosclerosis and a strong predictor of coronary heart disease mortality","volume":"21","author":"G Erikssen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.280.6215.673","article-title":"Relations between extent of coronary artery disease and blood viscosity","volume":"1","author":"GDO Lowe","year":"1980","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.30.3.344","article-title":"Some observations on haematocrit changes in patients with myocardial infarction","volume":"30","author":"S Sedzwyl","year":"1968","journal-title":"Br Heart J"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1968.tb10526.x","article-title":"Myocardial infarction and whole blood viscosity","volume":"183","author":"J Dietzel","year":"1968","journal-title":"Acta Med Scand"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.19.6.1378","article-title":"Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 in ischemic cardiomiopathy","volume":"19","author":"M Cesari","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1053\/euhj.1999.1699","article-title":"Haematocrit, viscosity, erythrocyte sedimentation rate: meta-analysis of prospective studies of coronary heart disease","volume":"21","author":"J Danesh","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1097\/00001721-199804000-00005","article-title":"Impairment of plasma fibrinolysis in young survivors of myocardial infarction with silent ischemia","volume":"9","author":"A Grzywacz","year":"1998","journal-title":"Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.2143\/AC.55.4.2005747","article-title":"Alterations in the fibrinolytic system components during acute myocardial infarction","volume":"55","author":"E Ioannido u-Papayannaki","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Cardiol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.18.5.768","article-title":"Plasma viscosity and the risk of coronary heart disease. Results from the MONICA-Augsburg cohort study","volume":"18","author":"W Koenig","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"69","volume-title":"Haemostatic risk factors for arterial and venous thrombosis","author":"GDO Lowe","year":"1997"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.3109\/07853899709007469","article-title":"Activated protein C resistance: what have we learned now that the dust have settled?","volume":"29","author":"JM Petaya","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1657500","article-title":"Fibrinolytic and inflammatory markers for arterial occlusion: The evolving epidemology of thrombosis and hemostasis","volume":"78","author":"P Ridker","year":"1997","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.4960230723","article-title":"Prognostic role of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 levels in treatment with streptokinase of patients with acute myocardial infarction","volume":"23","author":"A Sinkovic","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Cardiol"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200009283431303","article-title":"Multiple complex coronary plaques in patients with AMI","volume":"343","author":"JA Goldstein","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J M"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI112902","article-title":"Protein C prevents the coagulopathic and lethal effects of E. Coli infusion in the baboon","volume":"79","author":"FB Taylor","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-125-4-199608150-00002","article-title":"Reduced response to activated protein C associated with increased risk of cerebrovascular disease","volume":"25","author":"JG Van der Born","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0710137","article-title":"Blood rheology and arterial disease","volume":"71","author":"GDO Lowe","year":"1986","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2246","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.78.4.2249","article-title":"Identification of an endothelium cell cofactor for thrombin catalyzed activation of protein C","volume":"78","author":"CT Esmon","year":"1981","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"ref34","first-page":"H1159","article-title":"Oxygen metabolites and vasomotor mechanisms in rat cremasteric arterioles","volume":"252","author":"MS Wolin","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5521","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)70660-7","article-title":"Regulation of activated protein C by a new protein: a role for bovine protein S","volume":"255","author":"FJ Walker","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9445","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)36901-6","article-title":"Protein Ixa protects factor VIIIa from activated protein C","volume":"269","author":"LM Regan","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1616737","article-title":"Low level of circulating activated protein C is a risk factor for venous tromboembolism","volume":"86","author":"F Espana","year":"2001","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-8652(200009)65:1<35::AID-AJH6>3.0.CO;2-1","article-title":"Plasma levels of activated protein C inhibitor complex in patients with hypercoagulable states","volume":"65","author":"R Watanabe","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2817","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V89.8.2817","article-title":"Factor V Leiden (resistance to activated protein C) increases the risk of myocardial infarction in young women","volume":"89","author":"FR Rosendaal","year":"1997","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref40","first-page":"125","article-title":"Protein C levels in ischemic heart disease","volume":"48","author":"L Ganapathyraman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Indian Heart J"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(95)70369-1","article-title":"Treatment of purpura fulminants in meningococcemia with protein C concentrates","volume":"126","author":"GE Rivard","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/17.2.254","article-title":"Epidemic meningococcemia and purpura fulminants with induced protein C deficiency","volume":"17","author":"D Powards","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S48","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200107001-00018","article-title":"Protein C anticoagulant pathway and its role in controlling microvascular thrombosis and inflamation","volume":"29","author":"CT Esmon","year":"2001","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref44","first-page":"H698","article-title":"Myocardial blood flow and function with critical coronary stenosis in exercising dogs","volume":"243","author":"KP Gallaghen","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"ref45","first-page":"63","article-title":"Effects of different thrombolytic agents on blood rheology in acute myocardial infarction","volume":"11","author":"HR Arntz","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin Hemorheol"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1006\/mvre.1998.2116","article-title":"Increased leukocyte-endothelial interaction in the mesenteric microcirculation following remote ischemia-reperfusion","volume":"57","author":"H Sobral do Rosario","year":"1999","journal-title":"Microvasc Res"},{"key":"ref47","first-page":"119","article-title":"Erythrocyte aggregation determined with the Myrenne Aggregometer at two modes (M0, M1) and two times (5 and 10 sec)","volume":"29","author":"A Vaya","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Hemorheol Microcirc"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1160\/TH03-08-0497","article-title":"Influence of plasma proteins and erythrocyte factors on red blood cell aggregation in survivors of acute myocardial infarction","volume":"91","author":"A Vaya","year":"2004","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref49","first-page":"935","article-title":"Erythrocyte deformability by ektacitometry in myocardial infarction survivors","volume":"15","author":"L Sargento","year":"1996","journal-title":"Rev Port Cardiol"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1614486","article-title":"Contribution of erythrocytes to thrombin generation in whole blood","volume":"81","author":"V Peyrou","year":"1999","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1873","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V88.5.1873.1873","article-title":"Increased erythrocyte phosphatidylserine exposure in sickle cell disease: flow-cytometric measurement and clinical associations","volume":"88","author":"BL Wood","year":"1996","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref52","first-page":"518.","article-title":"Centrifugous force influence on erythrocyte aggregation. In vitro study in blood from stroke and diabetes mellitus patients (Abstract)","volume":"32","author":"L Sargento","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Hemorheol and Microcirc"}],"container-title":["Thrombosis and Haemostasis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1160\/TH04-12-0791.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,31]],"date-time":"2023-05-31T11:56:54Z","timestamp":1685534214000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1160\/TH04-12-0791"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"08","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1160\/th04-12-0791","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0340-6245","2567-689X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0340-6245","type":"print"},{"value":"2567-689X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005]]}}}