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Treatment of HepG2 cells with calpain inhibitor I [N-acetyl-leucyl-leucyl-norleucinal (ALLN), an inhibitor of certain protease-mediated apoB degradation], did not alter niacin-induced apoB degradation. Niacin decreased inhibition of oleate-mediated apoB degradation. Niacin dose-dependently inhibited the synthesis of both fatty acids and triacylglycerol (TG) by 20% to 40% as determined by the incorporation of<jats:sup>14<\/jats:sup>C-acetate and<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>H-glycerol into fatty acids and TG, respectively. Incubation of HepG2 cells with niacin significantly inhibited (by 12% to 15%) fatty acid esterification to produce TG as assessed by the incorporation of<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>H-oleic acid into TG.<jats:sup>14<\/jats:sup>C-acetate incorporation into cholesterol and phospholipids was unchanged. The activity of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP), a carrier protein for lipids, was not altered by pretreatment of cells with niacin. ApoB mRNA expression and<jats:sup>125<\/jats:sup>I-LDL protein uptake were also unchanged. These data indicate that niacin accelerates hepatic intracellular post-translational degradation of apoB by selectively reducing triglyceride synthesis (through inhibiting both fatty acid synthesis and fatty acid esterification to produce TG) without affecting ALLN-inhibitable protease- or MTP-mediated intracellular apoB processing, resulting in decreased apoB secretion and hence lower circulating levels of the atherogenic lipoproteins.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/01.atv.19.4.1051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,17]],"date-time":"2011-06-17T19:44:19Z","timestamp":1308339859000},"page":"1051-1059","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":110,"title":["Niacin Accelerates Intracellular ApoB Degradation by Inhibiting Triacylglycerol Synthesis in Human Hepatoblastoma (HepG2) Cells"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Fu-You","family":"Jin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cholesterol Center, Medical Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Long Beach, Calif (F.-Y.J., V.S.K., M.L.K.), University of California, Irvine, Calif (F.-Y.J., V.S.K., M.L.K.) and National University of Singapore (M.L.K.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vaijinath S.","family":"Kamanna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cholesterol Center, Medical Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Long Beach, Calif (F.-Y.J., V.S.K., M.L.K.), University of California, Irvine, Calif (F.-Y.J., V.S.K., M.L.K.) and National University of Singapore (M.L.K.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moti L.","family":"Kashyap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Cholesterol Center, Medical Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Long Beach, Calif (F.-Y.J., V.S.K., M.L.K.), University of California, Irvine, Calif (F.-Y.J., V.S.K., M.L.K.) and National University of Singapore (M.L.K.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13800","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)67090-5","volume":"261","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16394","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)49269-1","volume":"262","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)40744-8","volume":"34","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11880","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)38481-9","volume":"265","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22630","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)41719-X","volume":"267","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.48.28892"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9858","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)50173-9","volume":"267","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atv91.13.12.8241094"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5080","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)67758-6","volume":"266","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1439810"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.12.6549"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21951","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)31740-4","volume":"269","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)34737-4","volume":"22","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1875-9114.1988.tb04085.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(86)80293-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","first-page":"3233","volume":"247","year":"1987","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199011083231901"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9150(73)90113-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1973.tb19460.x","volume":"194","year":"1973","journal-title":"Acta Med Scand"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/182053a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(87)90021-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","unstructured":"Brown T. 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