{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T14:34:04Z","timestamp":1787236444839,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ATVB"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Abstract<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014Intimal oxidation of LDL is considered an important early event in atherogenesis, and certain antioxidants are antiatherogenic. Dietary coenrichment with vitamin E (VitE) plus ubiquinone-10 (CoQ\n                    <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                    , which is reduced during intestinal uptake to the antioxidant ubiquinol-10, CoQ\n                    <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                    H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) protects, whereas enrichment with VitE alone can increase oxidizability of LDL lipid against ex vivo oxidation. In the present study, we tested whether VitE plus CoQ\n                    <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                    cosupplementation is more antiatherogenic than either antioxidant alone, by use of apolipoprotein E\u2013deficient (apoE\u2212\/\u2212) mice fed a high-fat diet without (control) or with 0.2% (wt\/wt) VitE, 0.5% CoQ\n                    <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                    , or 0.2% VitE plus 0.5% CoQ\n                    <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                    (VitE+CoQ\n                    <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) for 24 weeks. None of the supplements affected plasma cholesterol concentrations, whereas in the VitE and CoQ\n                    <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                    groups, plasma level of the respective supplement increased. Compared with control, plasma from CoQ\n                    <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                    or VitE+CoQ\n                    <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                    but not VitE-supplemented animals was more resistant to ex vivo lipid peroxidation induced by peroxyl radicals. VitE supplementation increased VitE levels in aorta, heart, brain, and skeletal muscle, whereas CoQ\n                    <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                    supplementation increased CoQ\n                    <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                    only in plasma and aorta and lowered tissue VitE. All treatments significantly lowered aortic cholesterol compared with control, but only VitE+CoQ\n                    <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                    supplementation significantly decreased tissue lipid hydroperoxides when expressed per parent lipid. In contrast, none of the treatments affected aortic ratios of 7-ketocholesterol to cholesterol. Compared with controls, VitE+CoQ\n                    <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                    supplementation decreased atherosclerosis at the aortic root and arch and descending thoracic aorta to an extent that increased with increasing distance from the aortic root. CoQ\n                    <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                    significantly inhibited atherosclerosis at aortic root and arch, whereas VitE decreased disease at aortic root only. Thus, in apoE\u2212\/\u2212 mice, VitE+CoQ\n                    <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                    supplements are more antiatherogenic than CoQ\n                    <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                    or VitE supplements alone and disease inhibition is associated with a decrease in aortic lipid hydroperoxides but not 7-ketocholesterol.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/01.atv.21.4.585","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,17]],"date-time":"2011-06-17T15:44:19Z","timestamp":1308325459000},"page":"585-593","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":107,"title":["Dietary Cosupplementation With Vitamin E and Coenzyme Q\n                    <sub>10<\/sub>\n                    Inhibits Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E Gene Knockout Mice"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Shane R.","family":"Thomas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Biochemistry (S.R.T., S.B.L., R.S.) and Cell Biology (A.J.B.) Groups, The Heart Research Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; Cardiovascular Pharmacology (K.P.), AstraZeneca R&amp;D, Mo\u0308lndal, Sweden; and Department of Medicine (K.D.C., T.A.M.), University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven B.","family":"Leichtweis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Biochemistry (S.R.T., S.B.L., R.S.) and Cell Biology (A.J.B.) Groups, The Heart Research Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; Cardiovascular Pharmacology (K.P.), AstraZeneca R&amp;D, Mo\u0308lndal, Sweden; and Department of Medicine (K.D.C., T.A.M.), University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Knut","family":"Pettersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Biochemistry (S.R.T., S.B.L., R.S.) and Cell Biology (A.J.B.) Groups, The Heart Research Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; Cardiovascular Pharmacology (K.P.), AstraZeneca R&amp;D, Mo\u0308lndal, Sweden; and Department of Medicine (K.D.C., T.A.M.), University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin D.","family":"Croft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Biochemistry (S.R.T., S.B.L., R.S.) and Cell Biology (A.J.B.) Groups, The Heart Research Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; Cardiovascular Pharmacology (K.P.), AstraZeneca R&amp;D, Mo\u0308lndal, Sweden; and Department of Medicine (K.D.C., T.A.M.), University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trevor A.","family":"Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Biochemistry (S.R.T., S.B.L., R.S.) and Cell Biology (A.J.B.) Groups, The Heart Research Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; Cardiovascular Pharmacology (K.P.), AstraZeneca R&amp;D, Mo\u0308lndal, Sweden; and Department of Medicine (K.D.C., T.A.M.), University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Biochemistry (S.R.T., S.B.L., R.S.) and Cell Biology (A.J.B.) Groups, The Heart Research Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; Cardiovascular Pharmacology (K.P.), AstraZeneca R&amp;D, Mo\u0308lndal, Sweden; and Department of Medicine (K.D.C., T.A.M.), University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roland","family":"Stocker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Biochemistry (S.R.T., S.B.L., R.S.) and Cell Biology (A.J.B.) Groups, The Heart Research Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; Cardiovascular Pharmacology (K.P.), AstraZeneca R&amp;D, Mo\u0308lndal, Sweden; and Department of Medicine (K.D.C., T.A.M.), University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198904063201407"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(95)02173-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2760(94)00247-V"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atvb.15.10.1616"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI114271"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atv91.12.5.1576122"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118576"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.3.1433"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atvb.19.7.1708"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10715769709065779"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9150(98)00196-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119735"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atvb.17.11.3236"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.22.10721"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118436"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)37148-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja00067a019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)84812-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atvb.18.8.1248"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115826"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00041433-199912000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI6391"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199708073370607"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.13.9.977"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/biof.5520090216"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-0004(99)01404-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/2685"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/135100099101534756"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9150(99)00273-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(00)00311-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.5.1646"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2760(92)90237-P"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atvb.16.5.687"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2760(93)90092-N"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(94)33053-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(86)90203-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)33514-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atvb.20.8.e26"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(99)99036-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)33897-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(88)90369-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.30.17852"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1998.3037"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mohr D Stocker R. Selective and sensitive measurement of vitamin C ubiquinol-10 and other low molecular weight antioxidants. In: Free Radicals: A Practical Approach . Punchard N Kelly F eds. Oxford UK: Oxford Press; 1996:271\u2013285.","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780199635603.003.0019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119479"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)34208-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.20.13790"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)38102-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.94.10.2434"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118848"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118804"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6060(96)80287-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atvb.15.3.349"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atvb.19.6.1470"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200001203420302"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atv91.11.1.1987993"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115793"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.17.10123"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)37583-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(98)00219-6"}],"container-title":["Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/01.ATV.21.4.585","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,6]],"date-time":"2024-05-06T15:00:17Z","timestamp":1715007617000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/01.ATV.21.4.585"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,4]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/01.ATV.21.4.585"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.atv.21.4.585","relation":{},"ISSN":["1079-5642","1524-4636"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1079-5642","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4636","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2000-11-08","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2000-12-18","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2001-04-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}