{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,4]],"date-time":"2026-04-04T18:23:46Z","timestamp":1775327026957,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,8,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014Chronic\n            <jats:italic>Chlamydia pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n            infection has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis but whether it plays a role at an early stage in the disease is uncertain. An early estimate of atherosclerosis can be obtained by ultrasonic imaging of the carotid artery to determine intima-media thickness (IMT) and the thickness of any atheroma plaques.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Methods and Results<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014In 983 normal population individuals aged 30 to 70 years, we measured common carotid artery (CCA) and carotid bulb IMT, and also carotid plaque thickness and the degree of internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis.\n            <jats:italic>C. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n            IgA titers of \u226516 and IgG titers of \u226564 were taken as positive. There was no association between\n            <jats:italic>C. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n            IgA or IgG seropositivity with right, left, or mean CCA or bulb IMT, or with the presence of carotid plaques. There was a significant association between IgA seropositivity and &gt;50% mean carotid stenosis with an odds ratio of 5.24 (95% CI 1.24 to 22.21,\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            =0.0245) after controlling for age and sex; after controlling for other cardiovascular risk factors, this was not significant 3.96 (95% CI 0.84 to 18.78,\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            =0.082). No association was found between IgA or IgG seropositivity and markers of fibrinogen, log C-reactive protein, or leukocyte count.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014We found no evidence that serological evidence of\n            <jats:italic>C. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n            infection is associated with early atherosclerosis. It is possible that IgA seropositivity is associated with more advanced disease but this hypothesis needs to be examined in a population with a higher prevalence of advanced atherosclerosis. We found no evidence that\n            <jats:italic>C. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n            results in a chronic systemic inflammatory state.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.100.8.832","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,12]],"date-time":"2012-06-12T00:42:29Z","timestamp":1339461749000},"page":"832-837","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["<i>Chlamydia pneumoniae<\/i>\n            Infection and Early Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"Hugh S.","family":"Markus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, King\u2019s College School of Medicine and Dentistry and Institute of Psychiatry, London, (H.S.M.); Department of Neurology, Dusseldorf University, Germany (M.S., H.S.); and Departments of Virology (D.C.) and Medicine (M.A.M.), St George\u2019s Hospital Medical School, London, UK."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Sitzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, King\u2019s College School of Medicine and Dentistry and Institute of Psychiatry, London, (H.S.M.); Department of Neurology, Dusseldorf University, Germany (M.S., H.S.); and Departments of Virology (D.C.) and Medicine (M.A.M.), St George\u2019s Hospital Medical School, London, UK."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Carrington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, King\u2019s College School of Medicine and Dentistry and Institute of Psychiatry, London, (H.S.M.); Department of Neurology, Dusseldorf University, Germany (M.S., H.S.); and Departments of Virology (D.C.) and Medicine (M.A.M.), St George\u2019s Hospital Medical School, London, UK."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael A","family":"Mendall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, King\u2019s College School of Medicine and Dentistry and Institute of Psychiatry, London, (H.S.M.); Department of Neurology, Dusseldorf University, Germany (M.S., H.S.); and Departments of Virology (D.C.) and Medicine (M.A.M.), St George\u2019s Hospital Medical School, London, UK."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helmuth","family":"Steinmetz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, King\u2019s College School of Medicine and Dentistry and Institute of Psychiatry, London, (H.S.M.); Department of Neurology, Dusseldorf University, Germany (M.S., H.S.); and Departments of Virology (D.C.) and Medicine (M.A.M.), St George\u2019s Hospital Medical School, London, UK."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.314.7097.1778"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(88)90741-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-116-4-273"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)03079-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-125-12-199612150-00008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/517270"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000026171"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-4453(95)80006-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.312.7038.1061"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)90837-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.24.10.8378955"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9150(93)90158-Q"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atv91.14.2.8305418"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-5629(91)90043-V"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.90.6.7994837"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atv91.14.2.8305407"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.96.5.1432"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.28.11.2201"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.28.3.665"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199901073400103"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/str.28.11.2195"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(93)90332-J"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199704033361401"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.311.7007.711"}],"container-title":["Circulation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/01.CIR.100.8.832","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]],"date-time":"2024-05-12T12:56:04Z","timestamp":1715518564000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/01.CIR.100.8.832"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,8,24]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,8,24]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/01.CIR.100.8.832"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.cir.100.8.832","relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-7322","1524-4539"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-7322","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4539","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,8,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1998-11-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1999-06-02","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1999-08-24","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}