{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T23:53:15Z","timestamp":1785455595483,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"14","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,4,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014The number of activated mast cells is increased in the adventitia of coronary segments with plaque rupture and in spastic atherosclerotic coronary segments. Neurogenic activation of mast cells has been demonstrated previously in other tissues. Here we identified and quantified contacts between mast cells and nerves in the adventitia of normal and atherosclerotic coronary segments.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Methods and Results<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014Normal (types 0 or I) and atherosclerotic (lesion types II, III, and IV) coronary segments from 22 unselected autopsy cases were stained for mast cells and sensory nerves by a histochemical double-labeling method. Contacts between mast cells and sensory nerves were quantified morphometrically and also identified by confocal microscopy. Coronary arteries obtained during heart transplantation were stained for the neuropeptides capable of stimulating mast cells, ie, substance P and calcitonin gene\u2013related peptide. In the adventitia of atherosclerotic coronary segments with type IV lesions, the numbers of mast cells and mast cell-nerve contacts (104\u00b115 mast cells\/mm\n            <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n            and 30\u00b15 nerve contacts\/mm\n            <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n            ; mean\u00b1SEM) were significantly greater than in segments with type III lesions (79\u00b112 [\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;0.001] and 24\u00b16 [\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;0.001]), those with type II lesions (54\u00b14 [\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;0.001] and 12\u00b12 [\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;0.001]), or those with normal intima (31\u00b13 [\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;0.001] and 4\u00b11 [\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;0.001]). The nerve fibers connected with mast cells contained both substance P and calcitonin gene\u2013related peptide, which identified them as sensory nerves.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014Neurogenic stimulation of mast cells in the adventitia of coronary arteries may release vasoactive compounds, such as histamine and leukotrienes, which can contribute to the complex neurohormonal response that leads to abnormal coronary vasoconstriction.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.101.14.1665","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,12]],"date-time":"2012-06-12T00:42:29Z","timestamp":1339461749000},"page":"1665-1669","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":93,"title":["Adventitial Mast Cells Connect With Sensory Nerve Fibers in Atherosclerotic Coronary Arteries"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Petri","family":"Laine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Wihuri Research Institute (P.L., P.T.K.), Helsinki, Finland; the Department of Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital (A.N.), Kuopio, Finland; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital (L.H.), Helsinki, Finland; and the Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Helsinki (A.P.), Helsinki, Finland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"Naukkarinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Wihuri Research Institute (P.L., P.T.K.), Helsinki, Finland; the Department of Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital (A.N.), Kuopio, Finland; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital (L.H.), Helsinki, Finland; and the Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Helsinki (A.P.), Helsinki, Finland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lasse","family":"Heikkila\u0308","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Wihuri Research Institute (P.L., P.T.K.), Helsinki, Finland; the Department of Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital (A.N.), Kuopio, Finland; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital (L.H.), Helsinki, Finland; and the Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Helsinki (A.P.), Helsinki, Finland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antti","family":"Penttila\u0308","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Wihuri Research Institute (P.L., P.T.K.), Helsinki, Finland; the Department of Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital (A.N.), Kuopio, Finland; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital (L.H.), Helsinki, Finland; and the Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Helsinki (A.P.), Helsinki, Finland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petri T.","family":"Kovanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Wihuri Research Institute (P.L., P.T.K.), Helsinki, Finland; the Department of Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital (A.N.), Kuopio, Finland; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital (L.H.), Helsinki, Finland; and the Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Helsinki (A.P.), Helsinki, Finland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.99.3.361"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)65247-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00502084"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9896(199610)180:2<200::AID-PATH632>3.0.CO;2-Z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-2982.1990.1005221.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/res.73.3.7688669"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.71.4.709"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/atv91.14.5.8172861"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.92.5.1355"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12470339"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/0001555561465469"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(94)90066-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.1995.tb07384.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(89)90627-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000234752"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(91)90253-K"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garland A Necheles J White SR Neeley SP Leff AR Carson SS Alger LE McAllister K Solway J. 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