{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T21:06:44Z","timestamp":1790197604277,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"20","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014Use of \u03b2-adrenoreceptor blockade in the treatment of heart failure has been associated with a reduction in myocardial oxygen consumption and an improvement in myocardial energy efficiency. One potential mechanism for this beneficial effect is a shift in myocardial substrate use from increased free fatty acid (FFA) oxidation to increased glucose oxidation.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Methods and Results<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014We studied the effect of carvedilol therapy on myocardial FFA and glucose use in 9 patients with stable New York Heart Association functional class III ischemic cardiomyopathy (left ventricular ejection fraction \u226435%) using myocardial positron emission tomography studies and resting echocardiograms before and 3 months after carvedilol treatment. Myocardial uptake of the novel long chain fatty acid metabolic tracer 14(R, S)-[\n            <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n            F]fluoro-6-thia-heptadecanoic acid ([\n            <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n            F]-FTHA) was used to determine myocardial FFA use, and [\n            <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n            F]fluoro-2-deoxy-glucose ([\n            <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n            F]-FDG) was used to determine myocardial glucose use. After carvedilol treatment, the mean myocardial uptake rate for [\n            <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n            F]-FTHA decreased (from 20.4\u00b18.6 to 9.7\u00b12.3 mL \u00b7 100 g\n            <jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup>\n            \u00b7 min\n            <jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup>\n            ;\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;0.005), mean fatty acid use decreased (from 19.3\u00b17.0 to 8.2\u00b11.8 \u03bcmoL \u00b7 100 g\n            <jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup>\n            \u00b7 min\n            <jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup>\n            ;\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;0.005), the mean myocardial uptake rate for [\n            <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n            F]-FDG was unchanged (from 1.4\u00b10.4 to 2.4\u00b10.8 mL \u00b7 100 g\n            <jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup>\n            \u00b7 min\n            <jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup>\n            ;\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            =0.14), and mean glucose use was unchanged (from 11.1\u00b13.1 to 18.7\u00b16.0 \u03bcmoL \u00b7 100 g\n            <jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup>\n            \u00b7 min\n            <jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup>\n            ;\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            =0.12). Serum FFA and glucose concentrations were unchanged, and mean left ventricular ejection fraction improved (from 26\u00b12% to 37\u00b14%;\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;0.05).\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014Carvedilol treatment in patients with heart failure results in a 57% decrease in myocardial FFA use without a significant change in glucose use. These metabolic changes could contribute to the observed improvements in energy efficiency seen in patients with heart failure.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.103.20.2441","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,12]],"date-time":"2012-06-12T00:09:32Z","timestamp":1339459772000},"page":"2441-2446","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":199,"title":["Myocardial Free Fatty Acid and Glucose Use After Carvedilol Treatment in Patients With Congestive Heart Failure"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Thomas R.","family":"Wallhaus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wis (T.R.W., D.C.R.); the Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin\u2014Madison, Madison, Wis (M.T., R.J.N.); the Department of Medical Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.R.D.); and the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin\u2014Madison, Madison Wis (T.R.W., D.C.R., P.S., C.K.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wis (T.R.W., D.C.R.); the Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin\u2014Madison, Madison, Wis (M.T., R.J.N.); the Department of Medical Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.R.D.); and the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin\u2014Madison, Madison Wis (T.R.W., D.C.R., P.S., C.K.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy R.","family":"DeGrado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wis (T.R.W., D.C.R.); the Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin\u2014Madison, Madison, Wis (M.T., R.J.N.); the Department of Medical Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.R.D.); and the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin\u2014Madison, Madison Wis (T.R.W., D.C.R., P.S., C.K.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas C.","family":"Russell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wis (T.R.W., D.C.R.); the Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin\u2014Madison, Madison, Wis (M.T., R.J.N.); the Department of Medical Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.R.D.); and the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin\u2014Madison, Madison Wis (T.R.W., D.C.R., P.S., C.K.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Stanko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wis (T.R.W., D.C.R.); the Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin\u2014Madison, Madison, Wis (M.T., R.J.N.); the Department of Medical Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.R.D.); and the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin\u2014Madison, Madison Wis (T.R.W., D.C.R., P.S., C.K.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Nickles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wis (T.R.W., D.C.R.); the Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin\u2014Madison, Madison, Wis (M.T., R.J.N.); the Department of Medical Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.R.D.); and the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin\u2014Madison, Madison Wis (T.R.W., D.C.R., P.S., C.K.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles K.","family":"Stone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wis (T.R.W., D.C.R.); the Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin\u2014Madison, Madison, Wis (M.T., R.J.N.); the Department of Medical Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC (T.R.D.); and the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin\u2014Madison, Madison Wis (T.R.W., D.C.R., P.S., C.K.S.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)80009-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.94.11.2807"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.94.11.2793"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.94.11.2800"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(78)90162-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(81)90621-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(94)90241-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI106621"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(54)90365-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI106978"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.102.17.2070"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(94)90114-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(94)00543-Y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(99)80554-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.82.2.1973638"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(94)00340-V"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-583X(94)00596-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","first-page":"1888","volume":"32","year":"1991","unstructured":"DeGrado TR, Coenen HH, St\u00f6cklin G. 14(R, S)-18F-fluoro-6-thiaheptadeconoic acid (FTHA): evaluation in mice of a new probe of myocardial utilization of long-chain fatty acids. J Nucl Med. 1991;32:1888\u20131896.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0969-8051(96)00055-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(79)90384-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1985.87"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","unstructured":"Opie LH. The Heart: Physiology and Metabolism. New York: Raven Press; 1991:210\u2013211."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","unstructured":"Weyman AE Nishikawa A. Left ventricle II: quantification of segmental dysfunction. In: Principles and Practice of Echocardiography. Philadelphia: Lippincott; 1994:647\u2013648."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)39687-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","first-page":"1320","volume":"39","year":"1998","unstructured":"Maki MT, Haaparanta M, Nuutila P, et al. Free fatty acid uptake in the myocardium and skeletal muscle using fluorine-18-fluoro-6-thia-heptadecanoic acid. J Nucl Med. 1998;39:1320\u20131327.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/res.65.2.2526694"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1071-9164(98)90252-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(80)90106-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bst0140799"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(96)00245-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","first-page":"55","volume":"42","year":"2001","unstructured":"Taylor MD, Wallhaus TR, DeGrado TR, et al. An evaluation of myocardial fatty acid and glucose uptake using PET with [F-18]fluoro-6-thia-heptadecanoic acid and [F-18]FDG in patients with congestive heart failure. J Nucl Med. 2001;42:55\u201362.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","first-page":"44","volume":"81","year":"1998","unstructured":"Lommi J, Kupari M, Yki-Jarvinen H. Free fatty acid kinetics and oxidation in congestive heart failure. Am J Cardiol. 1998;81:44\u201355.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI105868"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1970.218.1.153"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.94.11.2837"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/res.84.4.467"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(92)90301-P"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.11.12.9337150"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.1997.273.5.H2473"}],"container-title":["Circulation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/01.CIR.103.20.2441","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]],"date-time":"2024-05-12T12:51:29Z","timestamp":1715518289000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/01.CIR.103.20.2441"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,22]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"20","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,22]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/01.CIR.103.20.2441"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.cir.103.20.2441","relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-7322","1524-4539"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-7322","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4539","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2000-12-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2001-03-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2001-05-22","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}