{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:53:11Z","timestamp":1787017991585,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"25","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,6,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014A recently completed trial, the Canadian Trial of Physiological Pacing (CTOPP), showed that physiological pacing did not significantly reduce mortality, stroke, or heart failure hospitalization, but it did show that atrial fibrillation occurred less frequently in patients with physiological pacing. Many pacemaker patients experience only transient bradyarrhythmias with an adequate unpaced heart rate (UHR) and are not pacemaker-dependent. The purpose of the present analysis was to determine if pacemaker-dependent patients have an increased benefit from physiological pacing compared with non\u2013pacemaker-dependent patients.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Methods and Results<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014Of 2568 patients included in the CTOPP trial, 2244 patients had a pacemaker dependency test performed at the first follow-up visit. The yearly event rate of cardiovascular death or stroke steadily increased with decreasing UHR in the ventricular pacing group, but it remained constant in the physiological pacing group. When the patients were subdivided to UHR \u226460 bpm or &gt;60 bpm, there was an interaction between pacing mode treatment and UHR subgroup. The Kaplan-Meier plot confirmed a physiological pacing advantage only in the UHR \u226460 bpm subgroup. This differential effect was also present for the outcomes of cardiovascular death and total mortality.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014This study demonstrated that UHR at first follow-up has an important influence on how pacing mode selection affects cardiovascular death and total mortality. Pacemaker-dependent patients with low UHR will probably be paced frequently and will likely benefit from physiological pacing. In contrast, non\u2013pacemaker-dependent patients will likely be paced infrequently and may not benefit from physiological pacing.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.103.25.3081","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,11]],"date-time":"2012-06-11T20:09:32Z","timestamp":1339445372000},"page":"3081-3085","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":79,"title":["Relationship Between Pacemaker Dependency and the Effect of Pacing Mode on Cardiovascular Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Anthony S.L.","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario (A.S.L.T., M.S.G.); McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario (R.S.R., S.YL, M.G., S.J.C.); the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Colombia (C.K.); the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta (A.M.G.); Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Province of Quebec (M.T.); and Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, Ontario (H.A.), Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin S.","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario (A.S.L.T., M.S.G.); McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario (R.S.R., S.YL, M.G., S.J.C.); the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Colombia (C.K.); the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta (A.M.G.); Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Province of Quebec (M.T.); and Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, Ontario (H.A.), Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Kerr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario (A.S.L.T., M.S.G.); McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario (R.S.R., S.YL, M.G., S.J.C.); the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Colombia (C.K.); the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta (A.M.G.); Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Province of Quebec (M.T.); and Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, Ontario (H.A.), Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne M.","family":"Gillis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario (A.S.L.T., M.S.G.); McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario (R.S.R., S.YL, M.G., S.J.C.); the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Colombia (C.K.); the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta (A.M.G.); Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Province of Quebec (M.T.); and Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, Ontario (H.A.), Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin S.","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario (A.S.L.T., M.S.G.); McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario (R.S.R., S.YL, M.G., S.J.C.); the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Colombia (C.K.); the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta (A.M.G.); Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Province of Quebec (M.T.); and Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, Ontario (H.A.), Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Talajic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario (A.S.L.T., M.S.G.); McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario (R.S.R., S.YL, M.G., S.J.C.); the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Colombia (C.K.); the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta (A.M.G.); Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Province of Quebec (M.T.); and Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, Ontario (H.A.), Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salim","family":"Yusuf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario (A.S.L.T., M.S.G.); McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario (R.S.R., S.YL, M.G., S.J.C.); the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Colombia (C.K.); the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta (A.M.G.); Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Province of Quebec (M.T.); and Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, Ontario (H.A.), Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hoshiar","family":"Abdollah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario (A.S.L.T., M.S.G.); McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario (R.S.R., S.YL, M.G., S.J.C.); the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Colombia (C.K.); the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta (A.M.G.); Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Province of Quebec (M.T.); and Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, Ontario (H.A.), Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Gent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario (A.S.L.T., M.S.G.); McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario (R.S.R., S.YL, M.G., S.J.C.); the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Colombia (C.K.); the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta (A.M.G.); Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Province of Quebec (M.T.); and Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, Ontario (H.A.), Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stuart J.","family":"Connolly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario (A.S.L.T., M.S.G.); McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario (R.S.R., S.YL, M.G., S.J.C.); the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Colombia (C.K.); the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta (A.M.G.); Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Province of Quebec (M.T.); and Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, Ontario (H.A.), Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.97.19.1978"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","unstructured":"Janosik D Labovitz AJ. 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