{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T05:59:03Z","timestamp":1788760743571,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,1,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014One of the perceived benefits of dual-chamber implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) is the reduction in inappropriate therapy due to new detection algorithms. It was the purpose of the present investigation to propose methods to minimize bias during such comparisons and to report the arrhythmia detection clinical results of the PR Logic dual-chamber detection algorithm in the GEM DR ICD in the context of these methods.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Methods and Results<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014Between November 1997 and October 1998, 933 patients received the GEM DR ICD in this prospective multicenter study. A total of 4856 sustained arrhythmia episodes (n=311) with stored electrogram and marker channel were classified by the investigators; 3488 episodes (n=232) were ventricular tachycardia (VT)\/ventricular fibrillation (VF), and 1368 episodes (n=149) were supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). The overall detection results were corrected for multiple episodes within a patient with the generalized estimating equations (GEE) method with an exchangeable correlation structure between episodes. The relative sensitivity for detection of sustained VT and\/or VF was 100.0% (3488 of 3488, n=232; 95% CI 98.3% to 100%), the VT\/VF positive predictivity was 88.4% uncorrected (3488 of 3945, n=278) and 78.1% corrected (95% CI 73.3% to 82.3%) with the GEE method, and the SVT positive predictivity was 100.0% (911 of 911, n=101; 95% CI 96% to 100%).\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014A structured approach to analysis limits the bias inherent in the evaluation of tachycardia discrimination algorithms through the use of relative VT\/VF sensitivity, VT\/VF positive predictivity, and SVT positive predictivity along with corrections for multiple tachycardia episodes in a single patient.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.103.3.381","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,12]],"date-time":"2012-06-12T00:09:32Z","timestamp":1339459772000},"page":"381-386","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":139,"title":["Critical Analysis of Dual-Chamber Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Arrhythmia Detection"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Bruce L.","family":"Wilkoff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Dept of Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio (B.L.W.); Eberhard Karis Universitat, Tubingen, Germany (V.K.); Dept of Medicine, New Jersey Heart Institute, Haddonfield (K.V.); Dept of Medicine, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond (K.E.); Justus-Liebig-Universitat, Giessen, Germany (B.W.); Hopital Cardiologique, Lille Cedex, France (S.K.); and Medtronic, Inc, Minneapolis, Minn (J.M.G., C.M.D.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Volker","family":"Ku\u0308hlkamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Dept of Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio (B.L.W.); Eberhard Karis Universitat, Tubingen, Germany (V.K.); Dept of Medicine, New Jersey Heart Institute, Haddonfield (K.V.); Dept of Medicine, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond (K.E.); Justus-Liebig-Universitat, Giessen, Germany (B.W.); Hopital Cardiologique, Lille Cedex, France (S.K.); and Medtronic, Inc, Minneapolis, Minn (J.M.G., C.M.D.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kent","family":"Volosin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Dept of Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio (B.L.W.); Eberhard Karis Universitat, Tubingen, Germany (V.K.); Dept of Medicine, New Jersey Heart Institute, Haddonfield (K.V.); Dept of Medicine, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond (K.E.); Justus-Liebig-Universitat, Giessen, Germany (B.W.); Hopital Cardiologique, Lille Cedex, France (S.K.); and Medtronic, Inc, Minneapolis, Minn (J.M.G., C.M.D.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Ellenbogen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Dept of Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio (B.L.W.); Eberhard Karis Universitat, Tubingen, Germany (V.K.); Dept of Medicine, New Jersey Heart Institute, Haddonfield (K.V.); Dept of Medicine, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond (K.E.); Justus-Liebig-Universitat, Giessen, Germany (B.W.); Hopital Cardiologique, Lille Cedex, France (S.K.); and Medtronic, Inc, Minneapolis, Minn (J.M.G., C.M.D.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernd","family":"Waldecker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Dept of Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio (B.L.W.); Eberhard Karis Universitat, Tubingen, Germany (V.K.); Dept of Medicine, New Jersey Heart Institute, Haddonfield (K.V.); Dept of Medicine, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond (K.E.); Justus-Liebig-Universitat, Giessen, Germany (B.W.); Hopital Cardiologique, Lille Cedex, France (S.K.); and Medtronic, Inc, Minneapolis, Minn (J.M.G., C.M.D.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salem","family":"Kacet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Dept of Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio (B.L.W.); Eberhard Karis Universitat, Tubingen, Germany (V.K.); Dept of Medicine, New Jersey Heart Institute, Haddonfield (K.V.); Dept of Medicine, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond (K.E.); Justus-Liebig-Universitat, Giessen, Germany (B.W.); Hopital Cardiologique, Lille Cedex, France (S.K.); and Medtronic, Inc, Minneapolis, Minn (J.M.G., C.M.D.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey M.","family":"Gillberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Dept of Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio (B.L.W.); Eberhard Karis Universitat, Tubingen, Germany (V.K.); Dept of Medicine, New Jersey Heart Institute, Haddonfield (K.V.); Dept of Medicine, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond (K.E.); Justus-Liebig-Universitat, Giessen, Germany (B.W.); Hopital Cardiologique, Lille Cedex, France (S.K.); and Medtronic, Inc, Minneapolis, Minn (J.M.G., C.M.D.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia M.","family":"DeSouza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Dept of Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio (B.L.W.); Eberhard Karis Universitat, Tubingen, Germany (V.K.); Dept of Medicine, New Jersey Heart Institute, Haddonfield (K.V.); Dept of Medicine, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond (K.E.); Justus-Liebig-Universitat, Giessen, Germany (B.W.); Hopital Cardiologique, Lille Cedex, France (S.K.); and Medtronic, Inc, Minneapolis, Minn (J.M.G., C.M.D.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","unstructured":"Olson WH. Dual chamber sensing and detection for implantable cardioverter-defibrillators. In: Singer I ed. Nonpharmacological Therapy of Arrhythmias for the 21st Century. Armonk NY: Futura Publishing Co Inc; 1998:385\u2013421."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/73.1.13"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2531734"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","first-page":"A125","volume":"22","year":"1999","unstructured":"Sadoul N, Henry C. Long term performance of a dual chamber detection algorithm, the PARAD algorithm, programmed with nominal settings in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1999;22:A125. Abstract.","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"A74","volume":"22","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kuck KH, Cappato R, Aliot E, et al. First clinical results with a new dual chamber implantable cardioverter defibrillator capable of treating slow VTs. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1999;22:A74. Abstract.","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","unstructured":"Dorian P Newman D Thibault B et al. A randomized clinical trial of a standardized protocol for the prevention of inappropriate therapy using a dual chamber implantable defibrillator. Circulation. 1999;101(suppl I)I-786. Abstract."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.1999.tb01261.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","first-page":"99","volume":"98","year":"1998","unstructured":"K\u00fchlkamp V, Mewis C, Suchalla R, et al. Rate dependence of R-R stability during atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Circulation. 1998;98:99(suppl I):I-713. Abstract.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","first-page":"803","volume":"22","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gunderson B, Gillberg J, Pearson A, et al. Atrial sensing during detection of spontaneous tachyarrhythmias in a dual chamber implantable cardioverter defibrillator. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1999;22:803. Abstract.","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","first-page":"A191","volume":"22","year":"1999","unstructured":"Wolpert C, Jung W, Spehl S, et al. Inappropriate therapy for sinus tachycardia with AV-block, I: incidence and implications for device programming in a new dual-chamber defibrillator. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1999;22:A191. Abstract.","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"}],"container-title":["Circulation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/01.CIR.103.3.381","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]],"date-time":"2024-05-12T13:02:33Z","timestamp":1715518953000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/01.CIR.103.3.381"}},"subtitle":["Results and Technical Considerations"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,1,23]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,1,23]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/01.CIR.103.3.381"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.cir.103.3.381","relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-7322","1524-4539"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-7322","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4539","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,1,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2000-06-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2000-08-31","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2001-01-23","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}