{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,25]],"date-time":"2026-10-25T00:14:05Z","timestamp":1792887245356,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1973,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            While a number of electrolytes play a role in the genesis of the transmembrane action potential (AP), the changes in the action potential most clearly related to arrhythmias are dependent to a large extent on K\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            . Potassium gradient is a major determinant of the magnitude of transmembrane resting potential (TRP), and secondarily the rate of rise (dV\/dt) of phase 0, and consequently the speed of conduction. The cell membrane conductance for K\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            , or a decrease therein, is most likely the major determinant of spontaneous slow depolarization during phase 4. Thus K\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            has a pronounced effect on both conduction and automaticity. Furthermore, these electrophysiologic properties are altered within levels of K\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            encountered in clinical medicine, a situation which, with rare exceptions, is not seen with Ca\n            <jats:sup>++<\/jats:sup>\n            , Mg\n            <jats:sup>++<\/jats:sup>\n            , or Na\n            <jats:sup>\u2013<\/jats:sup>\n            . These latter ions affect the action potential and induce experimental arrhythmias at concentrations which are unphysiologic and frequently incompatible with life. Consequently, of all the electrolytes, disturbed K\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            metabolism accounts for the vast majority of clinical arrhythmias. For the same reasons, with the exception of the ability of Na\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            and Ca\n            <jats:sup>++<\/jats:sup>\n            to reverse the K\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            -induced depression of conduction, K\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            is the only electrolyte with clinacally significant antiarrhythmic properties.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.47.2.408","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,11]],"date-time":"2012-06-11T23:56:43Z","timestamp":1339459003000},"page":"408-419","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":236,"title":["Relation of Electrolyte Disturbances to Cardiac Arrhythmias"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"CHARLES","family":"FISCH","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, the Krannert Institute of Cardiology, and Marion County General Hospital, Indianapolis, Indiana."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","container-title":["Circulation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1161\/01.CIR.47.2.408","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]],"date-time":"2024-05-12T14:05:43Z","timestamp":1715522743000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/01.CIR.47.2.408"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1973,2]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1973,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/01.CIR.47.2.408"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.cir.47.2.408","relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-7322","1524-4539"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-7322","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4539","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1973,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1973-02-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}