{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T03:33:08Z","timestamp":1789702388890,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mechanisms of depressed left ventricular (LV) pump performance in human mitral stenosis (MS) remain poorly understood, because reduced filling alone affects many hemodynamic measurements. Therefore, pressure-volume relations were examined in nine subjects with MS and compared with eight age-matched normal controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS AND RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data were obtained by conductance catheter\/micromanometer technique with transient inferior vena cava occlusion used to alter load and generate pressure-volume relations. In a subset of patients (n = 5), data were obtained both acutely and at 3 months (n = 4) after balloon valvuloplasty. MS patients had reduced cardiac output (3.3 +\/- 0.9 versus 5.6 +\/- 1.7 l\/min) and end-diastolic volume (68.0 +\/- 6.9 versus 115 +\/- 31 ml) versus controls (p less than 0.001), with a mean transvalvular gradient of 14 +\/- 6 mm Hg and estimated valve area of 0.6 +\/- 0.2 cm2. Systolic function as assessed by the end-systolic pressure-volume relation was virtually the same in MS and control subjects. In contrast, end-diastolic pressure-volume relations in MS were consistently shifted leftward and had an increased slope (lower compliance) at matched pressure ranges (6.5 +\/- 3.0 versus 2.2 +\/- 0.53 ml\/mm Hg at a mean diastolic pressure of 8 mm Hg, p less than 0.001). This change was not a result of reduced LV filling or probably of increased right heart loading. Valvuloplasty acutely returned chamber compliance to near normal, a change that was sustained at 3-month follow-up. Systolic function was little altered at this time.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These data indicate an impairment of diastolic function in human MS that can be acutely reversed by balloon valvuloplasty. Lowered LV compliance probably results from a functional restriction caused by ventricular attachment to a thickened and immobile valve apparatus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.85.4.1447","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,11]],"date-time":"2012-06-11T20:01:09Z","timestamp":1339444869000},"page":"1447-1456","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Reduced left ventricular compliance in human mitral stenosis. Role of reversible internal constraint."],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"C P","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Md."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C T","family":"Ting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Md."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T M","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Md."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J W","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Md."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M S","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Md."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W L","family":"Maughan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Md."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W","family":"Lawrence","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Md."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D A","family":"Kass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Md."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","container-title":["Circulation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1161\/01.CIR.85.4.1447","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]],"date-time":"2024-05-12T12:04:23Z","timestamp":1715515463000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/01.CIR.85.4.1447"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1992,4]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/01.CIR.85.4.1447"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.cir.85.4.1447","relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-7322","1524-4539"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-7322","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4539","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1992,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1992-04-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}