{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T19:33:20Z","timestamp":1779392000064,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,8,15]]},"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:italic>\n The purpose of this study was to validate a novel method for noninvasive quantification of regional myocardial oxygen consumption (MMR\n o<\/jats:sc>\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n , mL\u00b7min\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n \u00b7100 g\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n ) and oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) by use of positron emission tomography (PET) and inhalation of\n 15<\/jats:sup>\n O-labeled molecular oxygen gas (\n 15<\/jats:sup>\n O\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n ).\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Methods and Results<\/jats:italic>\n Twenty-four measurements were performed in eight closed-chest anesthetized greyhounds at baseline and during infusions of adenosine (100 to 200 \u03bcg\u00b7kg\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n \u00b7min\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n ), isoproterenol (1 to 10 \u03bcg\/min), and propranolol (5 mg bolus+0.2 to 1 mg\/min) with morphine (5 mg slow infusion+0.2 to 0.5 mg\/min) to obtain a wide range of oxidative metabolism. The PET imaging protocol consisted of\n 15<\/jats:sup>\n O\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n emission (OEF and MMR\n o<\/jats:sc>\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n ), transmission, [\n 15<\/jats:sup>\n O]CO emission (blood pool), and [\n 15<\/jats:sup>\n O]CO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n emission (myocardial blood flow: MBF\n pet<\/jats:sub>\n , mL\u00b7min\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n \u00b7g\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n ) scans. OEF was calculated from the PET data (OEF\n pet<\/jats:sub>\n ) by three different analytical techniques: steady-state, 5-minute, and 8-minute autoradiographic analyses. Reference measurements of MBF (MBF\n ref<\/jats:sub>\n ) and OEF (OEF\n ref<\/jats:sub>\n ) were obtained during\n 15<\/jats:sup>\n O\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n inhalation with radiolabeled microspheres and paired arterial and coronary sinus blood sampling, respectively. MMR\n o<\/jats:sc>\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n was calculated from the PET (MMR\n o<\/jats:sc>\n 2pet<\/jats:sub>\n ) and the reference (MMR\n o<\/jats:sc>\n 2ref<\/jats:sub>\n ) data as follows: MMR\n o<\/jats:sc>\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n =OEF\u00d7MBF\u00d7(O\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n content of arterial blood). OEF measured by the steady-state PET method was well correlated with the reference data over the range 0.16 to 0.73 (OEF\n pet<\/jats:sub>\n =1.03 OEF\n ref<\/jats:sub>\n \u22120.01,\n r<\/jats:italic>\n =.97), as was MMR\n o<\/jats:sc>\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n over the range 2.4 to 27.5 mL\u00b7min\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n \u00b7100 g\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n (MMR\n o<\/jats:sc>\n 2pet<\/jats:sub>\n =0.98 MMR\n o<\/jats:sc>\n 2ref<\/jats:sub>\n +0.91,\n r<\/jats:italic>\n =.94). OEF\n pet<\/jats:sub>\n calculated by use of the 5-minute and 8-minute autoradiographic analyses were equally well correlated with the reference measurements (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n =.95 and\n r<\/jats:italic>\n =.97, respectively). There were no significant differences between values of MMR\n o<\/jats:sc>\n 2pet<\/jats:sub>\n calculated by use of the steady-state, 5-minute, and 8-minute autoradiographic analyses (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n =NS by ANOVA). Regional values of MBF\n pet<\/jats:sub>\n , OEF\n pet<\/jats:sub>\n , and MMR\n o<\/jats:sc>\n 2pet<\/jats:sub>\n were homogeneously distributed and similar to the whole-heart values both at baseline and during the various pharmacological interventions.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\n Accurate quantification of OEF and MMR\n o<\/jats:sc>\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n is feasible with\n 15<\/jats:sup>\n O\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n inhalation and PET imaging using both the steady-state and autoradiographic analytical approaches. These studies suggest the applicability of this method for quantitative assessments of regional cardiac oxidative metabolism in clinical studies.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.94.4.808","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,12]],"date-time":"2012-06-12T00:34:42Z","timestamp":1339461282000},"page":"808-816","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Noninvasive Quantification of Regional Myocardial Metabolic Rate of Oxygen by\n 15<\/sup>\n O\n 2<\/sub>\n Inhalation and Positron Emission Tomography"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"the Cyclotron Unit, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre and Cardiovascular Research Unit, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ranil","family":"de Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"the Cyclotron Unit, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre and Cardiovascular Research Unit, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher G.","family":"Rhodes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"the Cyclotron Unit, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre and Cardiovascular Research Unit, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hidehiro","family":"Iida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"the Cyclotron Unit, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre and Cardiovascular Research Unit, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriaan A.","family":"Lammertsma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"the Cyclotron Unit, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre and Cardiovascular Research Unit, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terry","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"the Cyclotron Unit, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre and Cardiovascular Research Unit, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Attilio","family":"Maseri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"the Cyclotron Unit, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre and Cardiovascular Research Unit, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000395459"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"Phelps ME Mazziotta JC Schelbert HR. 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