{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T15:04:15Z","timestamp":1787497455221,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,3,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014Weight gain is of concern during early development because adult obesity and its cardiovascular consequences appear to have their origins during childhood. Insulin resistance is known to be related to obesity. Thus, weight gain beginning in childhood may influence the development of insulin-induced cardiovascular risk during adulthood.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Methods and Results<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014We monitored 679 individuals from 7.7\u00b10.1 years of age with repeated measures of height, weight, and systolic blood pressure (SBP) until 23.6\u00b10.2 years of age, when blood samples were obtained for measurements of insulin and lipids. Initial childhood weight, body mass index (BMI), and height were significantly correlated with young adult weight, BMI, and height and with fasting insulin, lipids, and SBP. The increases in weight and BMI but not height during childhood were significantly related to the young adult levels of insulin, lipids, and SBP.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014These data suggest that weight gain in excess of normal growth during childhood is a determinant of adult cardiovascular risk. The finding in multiple linear regression analysis that weight gain during childhood rather than the childhood weight at 7.7 years of age is significantly related to young adult risk factors suggests that a reduction in weight gain could reduce subsequent levels of cardiovascular risk.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.99.11.1471","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,11]],"date-time":"2012-06-11T20:42:29Z","timestamp":1339447349000},"page":"1471-1476","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":261,"title":["Relation of Weight and Rate of Increase in Weight During Childhood and Adolescence to Body Size, Blood Pressure, Fasting Insulin, and Lipids in Young Adults"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Alan R.","family":"Sinaiko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School (A.R.S.), and Division of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota School of Public Health (D.R.J., R.J.P.), Minneapolis, Minn, and Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, SUNY, Buffalo, NY (R.P.D.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard P.","family":"Donahue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School (A.R.S.), and Division of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota School of Public Health (D.R.J., R.J.P.), Minneapolis, Minn, and Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, SUNY, Buffalo, NY (R.P.D.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"David R.","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School (A.R.S.), and Division of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota School of Public Health (D.R.J., R.J.P.), Minneapolis, Minn, and Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, SUNY, Buffalo, NY (R.P.D.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald J.","family":"Prineas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School (A.R.S.), and Division of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota School of Public Health (D.R.J., R.J.P.), Minneapolis, Minn, and Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, SUNY, Buffalo, NY (R.P.D.)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001573-199609000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kannel WB D\u2019Agostino RB Cobb JL. Effect of weight on cardiovascular disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 1996;63(suppl 1):419S\u2013422S.","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/63.3.419"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.67.5.6219830"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.101.S2.518"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199709253371301"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199211053271904"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1997.03550210047037"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119628"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(90)90002-T"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.14.3.173"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lind L Lithell H Pollare T. Is it hyperinsulinemia or insulin resistance that is related to hypertension and other metabolic cardiovascular risk factors? J Hypertens. 1993;11(suppl 4):S11\u2013S16.","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-199306003-00004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","first-page":"633","volume":"12","year":"1994","unstructured":"Morris AD, Petrie JR, Connell JMC. Insulin and hypertension. J Hypertens. 1994;12:633\u2013642.","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)92118-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.81.3.8772576"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001250050603"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hyp.30.6.1554"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1995.00430020078010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/6.7.564"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-7061(95)00345-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199211053271910"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prineas RJ Gillum RF Horibe H Hannan PJ Stat M. The Minneapolis Children\u2019s Blood Pressure Study: standards of measurement for children\u2019s blood pressure. Hypertension. 1980;2(suppl I):I-18\u2013I-24.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.2.4_Pt_2.I18"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prineas RJ Gillum RF Horibe H Hannan PJ Stat M. The Minneapolis Children\u2019s Blood Pressure Study: multiple determinants of children\u2019s blood pressure. Hypertension. 1980;2(suppl I):I-24\u2013I-28.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.2.4_Pt_2.I24"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(98)70434-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-103-1-147"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1978.03290150053024"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a114127"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","first-page":"67","volume":"19","year":"1995","unstructured":"Wing RR, Jeffery RW. Effect of modest weight loss on changes in cardiovascular risk factors: are there differences between men and women or between weight loss and maintenance? Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1995;19:67\u201373.","journal-title":"Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-7061(95)00330-R"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)81687-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a112647"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(95)70394-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15324796abm0701_4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1985.03360040069027"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(95)70020-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(98)70426-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408399309527641"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","first-page":"585","volume":"18","year":"1994","unstructured":"DiPietro L, Mossberg HO, Stunkard AJ. A 40 year history of overweight children in Stockholm: life-time overweight, morbidity, and mortality. Int J Obes. 1994;18:585\u2013590.","journal-title":"Int J Obes"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(77)80440-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198708063170605"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","first-page":"457","volume":"29","year":"1973","unstructured":"Sims EAH, Danforth E, Horton ES, Bray GA, Glennon JA, Salans LB. Endocrine and metabolic effects of experimental obesity in man. Recent Prog Horm Res. 1973;29:457\u2013487.","journal-title":"Recent Prog Horm Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gupta AK Clark RV Kirchner KA. Effects of insulin on renal sodium excretion. Hypertension. 1992;19(suppl I):I-78\u2013I-82.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.19.1_Suppl.I78"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Landsberg L. Hyperinsulinemia: possible role in obesity-induced hypertension. Hypertension. 1992;19(suppl I):I-61\u2013I-66.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.19.1_Suppl.I61"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/res.36.2.163709"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.hyp.10.3.267"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199205213262107"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1995.02170230039005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(98)70427-5"}],"container-title":["Circulation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/01.CIR.99.11.1471","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]],"date-time":"2024-05-12T12:17:26Z","timestamp":1715516246000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/01.CIR.99.11.1471"}},"subtitle":["The Minneapolis Children\u2019s Blood Pressure Study"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,3,23]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,3,23]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/01.CIR.99.11.1471"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.cir.99.11.1471","relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-7322","1524-4539"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-7322","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4539","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,3,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1998-07-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1998-12-07","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1999-03-23","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}