{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:53:20Z","timestamp":1787018000839,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"21","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Circulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014Digoxin is commonly prescribed in symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) but has never been evaluated in this condition.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Methods and Results<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014From a multicenter registry, 43 representative patients with frequent symptomatic AF episodes were recruited into a randomized, double-blind crossover comparison of digoxin (serum concentration, 1.29\u00b10.35 nmol\/L) and placebo. The study end point was the occurrence of 2 AF episodes (documented by patient-activated monitors), censored at 61 days. The median time to 2 episodes was 13.5 days on placebo and 18.7 days on digoxin (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.05). The relative risk (95% CI) of 2 episodes (placebo:digoxin) was 2.19 (1.07 to 4.50). A similar effect was seen on the median time to 1 episode: increased from 3.5 to 5.4 days (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.05), relative risk 1.69 (0.88 to 3.24). The mean\u00b1SD ventricular rates during AF recordings during placebo and digoxin treatment were 138\u00b132 and 125\u00b135 bpm, respectively (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.01). Twenty-four\u2013hour ambulatory ECG recordings did not show significant differences in the frequency or duration of AF or in ventricular rate.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014Digoxin reduces the frequency of symptomatic AF episodes. However, the estimated effect is small and may be due to a reduction in the ventricular rate or irregularity rather than an antiarrhythmic action.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.99.21.2765","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,11]],"date-time":"2012-06-11T20:42:29Z","timestamp":1339447349000},"page":"2765-2770","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial of Digoxin in Symptomatic Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Francis D.","family":"Murgatroyd","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From St George\u2019s Hospital Medical School, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheila M.","family":"Gibson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From St George\u2019s Hospital Medical School, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xie","family":"Baiyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From St George\u2019s Hospital Medical School, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean","family":"O\u2019Nunain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From St George\u2019s Hospital Medical School, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan D.","family":"Poloniecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From St George\u2019s Hospital Medical School, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David E.","family":"Ward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From St George\u2019s Hospital Medical School, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marek","family":"Malik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From St George\u2019s Hospital Medical School, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. John","family":"Camm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From St George\u2019s Hospital Medical School, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1995.00430050045005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"Godtfredsen J. Atrial fibrillation: course and prognosis: a follow-up study of 1212 cases. In: Kulbertus HE Olsson SB Schlepper M eds. Atrial Fibrillation. 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