{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T11:00:41Z","timestamp":1773658841035,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hypertension"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Aldosterone increases cation transport and contractility of vascular smooth muscle, but the specific transporter involved and how it is linked to smooth muscle tone is unknown. Because the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter (NKCC1) contributes to vascular smooth muscle contraction and is regulated by vasoactive compounds, we sought to determine whether this transporter is a target of aldosterone in rat aorta. Treatment of adrenalectomized rats with aldosterone for 7 days resulted in a 63% increase in NKCC1 activity as measured by bumetanide-sensitive efflux of\n            <jats:sup>86<\/jats:sup>\n            Rb\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            . Treatment of normal aortas in culture with aldosterone for 3 and 7 days resulted in 29% and 47% increases in NKCC1 activity, respectively. Aldosterone had no acute effect on\n            <jats:sup>86<\/jats:sup>\n            Rb\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            efflux. Stimulation of NKCC1 was blocked by spironolactone, a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, but not by RU38486, a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist. Aldosterone did not augment the stimulation of NKCC1 by phenylephrine and did not increase NKCC1 mRNA as determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. We conclude that aldosterone regulates the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter in vascular smooth muscle through classic mineralocorticoid receptors but not through changes in the abundance of NKCC1 mRNA. This could account for the increase in Na\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            , K\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            , and Cl\n            <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            fluxes previously observed in vascular smooth muscle from mineralocorticoid-treated animals and may contribute to increased vascular tone.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/01.hyp.0000066128.04083.ca","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,5,1]],"date-time":"2003-05-01T20:28:48Z","timestamp":1051820928000},"page":"1131-1135","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Aldosterone Regulates the Na-K-2Cl Cotransporter in Vascular Smooth Muscle"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Gengru","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Cobbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janet D.","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W. Charles","family":"O\u2019Neill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.42.6.764"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.hyp.12.2.133"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10641968309051805"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-6363(96)00053-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9120(81)91012-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-198712000-00018"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4731(87)90161-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2838907"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","first-page":"H927","volume":"243","year":"1982","unstructured":"Garwitz ET, Jones AW. 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