{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T04:24:14Z","timestamp":1768969454410,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hypertension"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            We investigated the role of nuclear factor \u03baB (NF-\u03baB) in the cytokine-mediated induction of cyclooxygenase-2 activity in the paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus (PVN), a critical cardiovascular and autonomic center, in rats with heart failure (HF). Sprague\u2013Dawley rats underwent coronary artery ligation to induce HF or sham surgery. HF rats were treated orally for 6 weeks with vehicle (tap water), the NF-\u03baB inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (150 mg\/kg per day), or the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist eplerenone (30 mg\/kg per day), which has been shown to reduce circulating proinflammatory cytokines in this model. Compared with sham surgery, HF rats had higher (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;0.05) levels of aldosterone, interleukin-1\u03b2 and norepinephrine in plasma and prostaglandin E\n            <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n            in cerebrospinal fluid. In the PVN, NF-\u03baB p50 precursor p105 mRNA increased, and mRNA for its inhibitor, I\u03baB, decreased (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;0.05). Cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA and protein expression was increased in perivascular cells of the PVN. Both pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate and eplerenone reduced (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;0.05) p105 mRNA and increased I\u03baB mRNA in PVN. Both also reduced (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;0.05) cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA and protein expression in PVN, cerebrospinal fluid prostaglandin E\n            <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n            , and plasma norepinephrine. Eplerenone, but not pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, reduced plasma interleukin-1\u03b2. Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate and eplerenone had no effect on plasma aldosterone. The results suggest that activation of NF-\u03baB is an intermediary step in cytokine-mediated induction of cyclooxygenase-2 in the PVN of HF rats. By enhancing access of prostaglandin E\n            <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n            to hypothalamic neurons, this mechanism may contribute to augmented sympathetic nerve activity in HF.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/01.hyp.0000257356.20527.c5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,23]],"date-time":"2007-01-23T01:57:59Z","timestamp":1169517479000},"page":"511-518","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Increased Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus in Rats With Heart Failure"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Yang","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Internal Medicine (Y.Y., Y.-M.K., Z.-H.Z., S.-G.W., Y.C., R.M.W., R.B.F.), Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City; and the Veterans Affairs Medical Center (R.M.W., R.B.F.), Iowa City, Iowa."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-Ming","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Internal Medicine (Y.Y., Y.-M.K., Z.-H.Z., S.-G.W., Y.C., R.M.W., R.B.F.), Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City; and the Veterans Affairs Medical Center (R.M.W., R.B.F.), Iowa City, Iowa."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhi-Hua","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Internal Medicine (Y.Y., Y.-M.K., Z.-H.Z., S.-G.W., Y.C., R.M.W., R.B.F.), Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City; and the Veterans Affairs Medical Center (R.M.W., R.B.F.), Iowa City, Iowa."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shun-Guang","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Internal Medicine (Y.Y., Y.-M.K., Z.-H.Z., S.-G.W., Y.C., R.M.W., R.B.F.), Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City; and the Veterans Affairs Medical Center (R.M.W., R.B.F.), Iowa City, Iowa."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Internal Medicine (Y.Y., Y.-M.K., Z.-H.Z., S.-G.W., Y.C., R.M.W., R.B.F.), Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City; and the Veterans Affairs Medical Center (R.M.W., R.B.F.), Iowa City, Iowa."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert M.","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Internal Medicine (Y.Y., Y.-M.K., Z.-H.Z., S.-G.W., Y.C., R.M.W., R.B.F.), Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City; and the Veterans Affairs Medical Center (R.M.W., R.B.F.), Iowa City, Iowa."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert B.","family":"Felder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Internal Medicine (Y.Y., Y.-M.K., Z.-H.Z., S.-G.W., Y.C., R.M.W., R.B.F.), Roy J. and Lucille A. 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