{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T00:05:16Z","timestamp":1715558716389},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hypertension"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Abstract<\/jats:italic>\n            The potential role of endothelin-1 (ET-1) in essential hypertension in humans is still subject to debate. We recently reported strong sodium retention and renal vasoconstriction during pathophysiological increments in plasma ET-1. Apart from this vasoconstrictor action, ET-1 also has mitogenic properties that play a role in the pathophysiology of hypertension. On the other hand, some data refute an important role of ET-1 in hypertension. We therefore investigated in nine subjects with essential hypertension the constrictor actions of ET-1 by challenging these subjects with a systemic infusion of ET-1 (0.5 ng\/kg per minute for 60 minutes, then 1.0 ng\/kg per minute for 60 minutes, and finally 2.0 ng\/kg per minute for 60 minutes). Furthermore, we studied whether these effects of ET-1 could be modulated by oral use of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril (20 mg BID) or the calcium channel blocker nifedipine (60 mg OD). ET-1 infusion increased plasma ET-1 levels from 2.5\u00b10.4 to 11.6\u00b11.0 pmol\/L (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;.05). Blood pressure rose by approximately 10 mm Hg (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;.05). Cardiac index decreased by 21\u00b12%, whereas calculated systemic vascular resistance increased by 27\u00b16% (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;.05). Renal blood flow decreased from 1051\u00b194 to 707\u00b160 mL\/min at the end of the ET-1 infusion (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;.05), and calculated renal vascular resistance increased from 118\u00b119 to 189\u00b119 mm Hg\u00b7min\/L (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;.05). Sodium excretion decreased from 227\u00b139 to 111\u00b115 \u03bcmol\/min (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;.05). Both enalapril and nifedipine treatment prevented the systemic effects of ET-1 infusion in these subjects. However, during enalapril treatment, despite renal predilatation, ET-1 reduced renal blood flow (from 1119\u00b1132 to 701\u00b175 mL\/min,\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;.05) and increased renal vascular resistance (from 111\u00b116 to 187\u00b128 mm Hg\u00b7min\/L,\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;.05) to the same levels as during ET-1 infusion alone. Nifedipine pretreatment attenuated the ET-1\u2013induced fall in renal blood flow (from 1088\u00b193 to 907\u00b168 mL\/min) and increase in renal vascular resistance (from 105\u00b19 to 133\u00b110 mm Hg\u00b7min\/L). Although neither drug modulated the antinatriuretic effect of ET-1, nifedipine increased basal sodium excretion (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;.05), which compensated for the decrease during ET-1 infusion. In conclusion, essential hypertensive subjects are sensitive to the vasoconstrictor effects of ET-1. Both enalapril and nifedipine can prevent the systemic effects of ET-1, but nifedipine seems more effective in attenuating the renal constrictor effects of ET-1.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/01.hyp.30.1.15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,12]],"date-time":"2012-06-12T00:53:46Z","timestamp":1339462426000},"page":"15-21","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Endothelin-1\u2013Induced Vasopressor Responses in Essential Hypertension"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Karin A. H.","family":"Kaasjager","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Utrecht (The Netherlands)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hein A.","family":"Koomans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Utrecht (The Netherlands)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ton J.","family":"Rabelink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Utrecht (The Netherlands)."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.83.2.1846783"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)92827-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1994.284"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1990.258.3.C408"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.hyp.24.2.183"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1996.502"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","first-page":"S166","volume":"9","year":"1991","unstructured":"Florijn KW, Derkx FHM, Visser W, Hofman HJA, Rosmalen FMA, Wallenburg HCS, Schalekamp MADH. Elevated plasma levels of endothelin in pre-eclampsia. J Hypertens. 1991;9:S166-S167.","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","first-page":"255","volume":"82","year":"1991","unstructured":"Stockenhuber F, Gottsauner-Wolf M, Marosi L, Liebisch B, Kurz RW, Balcke P. Plasma levels of endothelin in chronic renal failure and after renal transplantation: impact on hypertension and cyclosporin A-associated nephrotoxicity. Clin Sci. 1991;82:255-258.","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.hyp.15.5.493"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-7061(95)96213-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.hyp.21.6.916"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","first-page":"509","volume":"28","year":"1996","unstructured":"Schiffrin EL, Deng LY, Sventek P, Day R. Expression of endothelin-1 in small arteries in human essential hypertension. Hypertension. 1996;28:509. Abstract.","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(95)00163-Z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.hyp.21.3.294"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/y93-069"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/5.11.817"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.hyp.18.4.543"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-199205000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","first-page":"177","volume":"16","year":"1993","unstructured":"Schiffrin EL, Deng LY, Larochelle P. Morphology of resistance arteries and comparison of effects of vasoconstrictors in mild essential hypertensive patients. Clin Invest Med. 1993;16:177-186.","journal-title":"Clin Invest Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/332411a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.hyp.19.2.131"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.81.6.2344673"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.87.5.8491001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","first-page":"37","volume":"18","year":"1991","unstructured":"Clozel M. Mechanism of action of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors on endothelial function in hypertension. Hypertension. 1991;18:37-42.","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1974.61"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(56)90020-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","first-page":"F375","volume":"257","year":"1989","unstructured":"Rabelink TJ, Koomans HA, Boer P, Gaillard CA, Dorhout Mees EJ. The role of ANP in the natriuresis of head-out immersion in humans. Am J Physiol. 1989;257:F375-F382.","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hyp.25.4.620"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/6.2.156"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-097X.1993.tb00480.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00788676"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hyp.25.6.1135"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.hyp.18.1.93"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199006000-00038"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/6.2.103"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","first-page":"913","volume":"17","year":"1989","unstructured":"Clozel M. Endothelin sensitivity and receptor binding in the aorta of spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Hypertens. 1989;17:913-917.","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005344-199305000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117470"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.1990.258.5.E775"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.hyp.20.2.175"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V571508"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hyp.25.1.77"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1681.1994.tb02501.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","first-page":"F455","volume":"768","year":"1995","unstructured":"Clavel AL, Stingo AJ, Margulies KB, Brandt RR, Burnett JC Jr. Role of endothelin receptor subtypes in the vivo regulation of renal function. Am J Physiol. 1995;768:F455-F460.","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","first-page":"44","volume":"7","year":"1987","unstructured":"MacGregor GA, Pevahouse JB, Cappuccio FP, Markandu ND. Nifedipine, sodium intake, diuretics and sodium balance. Am J Nephrol. 1987;7:44-48.","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"}],"container-title":["Hypertension"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/01.HYP.30.1.15","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]],"date-time":"2024-05-12T17:19:38Z","timestamp":1715534378000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/01.HYP.30.1.15"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,7]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/01.HYP.30.1.15"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.hyp.30.1.15","relation":{},"ISSN":["0194-911X","1524-4563"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0194-911X","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4563","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1996-11-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1996-12-12","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1997-07-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}