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Promoter stimulation is mimicked by cholera toxin, forskolin, and 8BrcAMP, but not by 8BrcGMP. Promoter stimulation by ISO and isobutyl methylxanthine is blocked by protein kinase A inhibitors, indicating that \u03b2-adrenergic stimulation of the ACE gene depends on phosphorylation of protein kinase A targets. Activation by cAMP, resistance to phorbol ester, and lack of synergism between cAMP and phorbol ester suggest that promoter regulation is due to cAMP responsive element rather than to activating protein-2 sequences. Okadaic acid potentiation of 8BrcAMP induction indicated that promoter activation by cAMP is regulated by phosphatases controlling activation of typical cAMP responsive element regulated genes. In summary, \u03b2-adrenergic activation of rat ACE promoter is specific; uses G<jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>proteins, adenylyl cyclase, protein kinase A; and probably includes cAMP responsive element\u2013like sequences.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/01.hyp.34.1.31","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,12]],"date-time":"2012-06-12T00:53:46Z","timestamp":1339462426000},"page":"31-38","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Rat Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Promoter Regulation by \u03b2-Adrenergics and cAMP in Endothelium"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Jose\u0301","family":"Xavier-Neto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Laborato\u0301rio de Gene\u0301tica e Cardiologia Molecular e Dept Cli\u0301nica Me\u0301dica\/LIM 13, Instituto do Corac\u0327a\u0303o, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sa\u0303o Paulo, Sa\u0303o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandre C.","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Laborato\u0301rio de Gene\u0301tica e Cardiologia Molecular e Dept Cli\u0301nica Me\u0301dica\/LIM 13, Instituto do Corac\u0327a\u0303o, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sa\u0303o Paulo, Sa\u0303o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria de Lourdes","family":"Junqueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Laborato\u0301rio de Gene\u0301tica e Cardiologia Molecular e Dept Cli\u0301nica Me\u0301dica\/LIM 13, Instituto do Corac\u0327a\u0303o, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sa\u0303o Paulo, Sa\u0303o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renata","family":"Carmona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Laborato\u0301rio de Gene\u0301tica e Cardiologia Molecular e Dept Cli\u0301nica Me\u0301dica\/LIM 13, Instituto do Corac\u0327a\u0303o, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sa\u0303o Paulo, Sa\u0303o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jose\u0301 E.","family":"Krieger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Laborato\u0301rio de Gene\u0301tica e Cardiologia Molecular e Dept Cli\u0301nica Me\u0301dica\/LIM 13, Instituto do Corac\u0327a\u0303o, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sa\u0303o Paulo, Sa\u0303o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.hyp.16.4.363"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.194311"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1984.247.3.C163"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","first-page":"L645","volume":"263","year":"1992","unstructured":"Dasarathy Y, Lanzillo JJ, Fanburg BL. 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