{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T15:09:03Z","timestamp":1761059343001},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hypertension"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Abstract<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014Blacks appear, on average, to retain more Na than whites. A higher production rate of mineralocorticoids could explain the greater Na retention in blacks. Although production of aldosterone has been shown to be lower in blacks, the level of another mineralocorticoid may be increased. Plasma levels of deoxycorticosterone and cortisol were measured in young whites (n=23; age=16.4\u00b13.1[SD] years) and young blacks (n=25; age=13.8\u00b11.3 years). Blacks had lower plasma levels of renin activity and aldosterone and lower urinary aldosterone excretion rates; thus, they appeared to be representative of blacks that retain additional Na. Plasma deoxycorticosterone levels were lower in blacks than in whites both at baseline (247\u00b1161 versus 381\u00b1270 pmol\/L,\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            =0.048) and after stimulation with adrenocorticotropic hormone (822\u00b1294 versus 1127\u00b1628 pmol\/L at 30 minutes,\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            =0.047; 925\u00b1366 versus 1440\u00b1834 pmol\/L at 60 minutes,\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            =0.013). Cortisol levels were also lower in blacks at baseline (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            =0.014) but were not significantly different from levels in whites after stimulation with adrenocorticotropic hormone. In a larger cohort of 407 whites (age=12.0\u00b12.9 years) and 247 blacks (age=12.9\u00b13.1 years), 18-hydroxycortisol excretion rates were also lower in blacks (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            =0.021). In conclusion, increased Na retention in blacks does not appear to be secondary to increased production of either aldosterone, deoxycorticosterone, cortisol, or 18-hydroxycortisol. A primary renal mechanism may mediate the increase in Na reabsorption in blacks.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/01.hyp.34.2.315","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,12]],"date-time":"2012-06-12T00:53:46Z","timestamp":1339462426000},"page":"315-319","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Levels of Mineralocorticoids in Whites and Blacks"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"J. Howard","family":"Pratt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine (J.H.P., J.F.R., L.Z., W.T.A., S.A.N.), and VA Medical Center (J.H.P., J.F.R.), Indianapolis, Ind; Harry S. Truman Veterans Hospital (C.E.G.-S.), Columbia, Mo; and Endocrine Sciences (D.F.M.), Calabasas Hills, Calif."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John F.","family":"Rebhun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine (J.H.P., J.F.R., L.Z., W.T.A., S.A.N.), and VA Medical Center (J.H.P., J.F.R.), Indianapolis, Ind; Harry S. Truman Veterans Hospital (C.E.G.-S.), Columbia, Mo; and Endocrine Sciences (D.F.M.), Calabasas Hills, Calif."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lifen","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine (J.H.P., J.F.R., L.Z., W.T.A., S.A.N.), and VA Medical Center (J.H.P., J.F.R.), Indianapolis, Ind; Harry S. Truman Veterans Hospital (C.E.G.-S.), Columbia, Mo; and Endocrine Sciences (D.F.M.), Calabasas Hills, Calif."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Walter T.","family":"Ambrosius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine (J.H.P., J.F.R., L.Z., W.T.A., S.A.N.), and VA Medical Center (J.H.P., J.F.R.), Indianapolis, Ind; Harry S. Truman Veterans Hospital (C.E.G.-S.), Columbia, Mo; and Endocrine Sciences (D.F.M.), Calabasas Hills, Calif."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shirley A.","family":"Newman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine (J.H.P., J.F.R., L.Z., W.T.A., S.A.N.), and VA Medical Center (J.H.P., J.F.R.), Indianapolis, Ind; Harry S. Truman Veterans Hospital (C.E.G.-S.), Columbia, Mo; and Endocrine Sciences (D.F.M.), Calabasas Hills, Calif."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Celso E.","family":"Gomez-Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine (J.H.P., J.F.R., L.Z., W.T.A., S.A.N.), and VA Medical Center (J.H.P., J.F.R.), Indianapolis, Ind; Harry S. Truman Veterans Hospital (C.E.G.-S.), Columbia, Mo; and Endocrine Sciences (D.F.M.), Calabasas Hills, Calif."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Darrel F.","family":"Mayes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine (J.H.P., J.F.R., L.Z., W.T.A., S.A.N.), and VA Medical Center (J.H.P., J.F.R.), Indianapolis, Ind; Harry S. Truman Veterans Hospital (C.E.G.-S.), Columbia, Mo; and Endocrine Sciences (D.F.M.), Calabasas Hills, Calif."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weinberger MH Miller JZ Luft FC Grim CE Fineberg NS. Definitions and characteristics of sodium sensitivity and blood pressure resistance. Hypertension. 1986;8(suppl II):II-127\u2013II-134.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.8.6_Pt_2.II127"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weinberger MH. Salt sensitivity of blood pressure in humans. Hypertension. 1996;27(pt 2):481\u2013490.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.27.3.481"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1969.00300120019003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197203022860901"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-84-6-639"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","unstructured":"National Health Survey. Blood Pressure of Adults by Race and Area\u2014United States 1960\u20131962. Hyattsville Md: National Center for Health Statistics; 1964. Vital and Health Statistics Series 1 No. 5."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","unstructured":"National Health Survey. Blood Pressure of Persons 18\u201374 Years in the United States 1971\u20131972. Hyattsville Md: National Center for Health Statistics; 1975. Vital and Health Statistics Series 2 No. 150."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","first-page":"1512","volume":"77","year":"1993","unstructured":"Pratt JH, Manatunga AK, Bloem LJ, Wei L. Racial differences in aldosterone excretion: a longitudinal study in children. J Clin Endocrinol Metab.. 1993;77:1512\u20131515.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198910263211703"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","first-page":"48","volume":"95","year":"1998","unstructured":"Pratt JH, Dale SL, Gaunt R, Melby JC. Aldosterone secretion in the enucleated rat adrenal during salt retention. Endocrinology.. 1998;95:48\u201354.","journal-title":"Endocrinology."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-15-12-1531"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI105499"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.hyp.7.2.204"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.80.19.6056"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-199205000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hyp.31.2.569"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-65-2-310"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-113-6-2320"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-115-2-462"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)34909-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(20)81918-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-59-5-1022"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","first-page":"873","volume":"76","year":"1993","unstructured":"Ulick S, Blumenfeld JD, Atlas SA, Wang JZ, Vaughan ED Jr. The unique steroidogenesis of the aldosteronoma in the differential diagnosis of primary aldosteronism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab.. 1993;76:873\u2013878.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.hyp.22.1.84"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0960-0760(92)90239-F"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-29-8-1090"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI105366"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","first-page":"1109","volume":"95","year":"1966","unstructured":"Sutherland DJA, Ruse JL, Laidlaw JC. Hypertension, increased aldosterone secretion and low plasma renin activity relieved by dexamethasone. Can Med Assoc J.. 1966;95:1109\u20131119.","journal-title":"Can Med Assoc J."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199602013340503"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4731(89)90214-8"}],"container-title":["Hypertension"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/01.HYP.34.2.315","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]],"date-time":"2024-05-12T17:34:26Z","timestamp":1715535266000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/01.HYP.34.2.315"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,8]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1161\/01.HYP.34.2.315"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.hyp.34.2.315","relation":{},"ISSN":["0194-911X","1524-4563"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0194-911X","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-4563","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1999-02-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1999-04-13","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1999-08-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}