{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T16:05:34Z","timestamp":1792425934639,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hypertension"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Abstract<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014Abnormal nocturnal blood  pressure (BP) dipping status may be partly determined by nocturnal  sympathetic activity. We studied the effect of nighttime dosing of an  \u03b1\n            <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n            -adrenergic blocker, doxazosin, on the BP dipping  status of 118 hypertensives, all of whom underwent 24-hour ambulatory  BP monitoring before and after treatment. The mean nighttime\/daytime  ratio of systolic BP was increased (0.91 after therapy versus  0.89 at baseline,\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;0.05). The patients were initially  divided into 4 groups on the basis of their dipping status at the  baseline assessment: 18 (15%) were extreme dippers, with a nighttime  systolic BP fall of at least 20% of daytime BP; 46 (39%) were  dippers (fall between 10% and 20%); 48 (41%) were nondippers (fall  between 0% and 10%); and 6 (5%) were risers (nocturnal increase of  systolic BP). A shift in dipping status toward less nocturnal  BP dipping was observed after doxazosin therapy  (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;0.05). Dipping status was determined by nighttime  more than by daytime BP, and this was not explained by differences in  the number of daytime and nighttime readings. The effects of doxazosin  on the mean nocturnal systolic BP changes were an increase of  4.3 mm Hg in extreme dippers and decreases of 0.7 mm Hg in  dippers, 12 mm Hg in nondippers, and 18 mm Hg in risers;  the reduction was only significant in the latter 2 groups (both\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;0.01). To estimate the effects of regression to the  mean on the changes in dipping status, we also defined dipping status  with the average of the BPs before and after doxazosin and found no  difference in the degree of nighttime BP reduction among each group.  The reduction of daytime BP was now significantly greater in the  subgroups with less dipping: 6.4 mm Hg for extreme dippers and  16 mm Hg for risers (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;0.05). In conclusion,  nighttime dosing with doxazosin markedly affects the nocturnal BP  dipping status of hypertensives, but the apparently greater reduction  in nighttime pressure in nondippers and risers may be, at least partly,  due to the effect of regression to the mean. The most important  determinants of the effect of doxazosin were the absolute BP levels,  both day and night, rather than dipping status per se.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/01.hyp.35.3.787","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,12]],"date-time":"2012-06-12T00:25:31Z","timestamp":1339460731000},"page":"787-794","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":130,"title":["Changes of Nocturnal Blood Pressure Dipping Status in Hypertensives by Nighttime Dosing of \u03b1-Adrenergic Blocker, Doxazosin"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Kazuomi","family":"Kario","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Hypertension Center (K.K., J.E.S., T.G.P.), Weill Medical  College of Cornell University - The New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York,  and the Department of Psychiatry (J.E.S.), SUNY - Stony Brook, NY."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph E.","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Hypertension Center (K.K., J.E.S., T.G.P.), Weill Medical  College of Cornell University - The New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York,  and the Department of Psychiatry (J.E.S.), SUNY - Stony Brook, NY."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas G.","family":"Pickering","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Hypertension Center (K.K., J.E.S., T.G.P.), Weill Medical  College of Cornell University - The New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York,  and the Department of Psychiatry (J.E.S.), SUNY - Stony Brook, NY."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00041552-199305000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","first-page":"896","volume":"2","year":"1984","unstructured":"Kobrin I, Oigman W, Kumar A, Ventura HO, Messerli FH, Frohlich ED, Dunn FG. 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