{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T23:58:58Z","timestamp":1791158338471,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["www.ahajournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hypertension"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Abstract<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2014This study was  conducted to evaluate the mechanisms in weight gain\u2013induced blood  pressure (BP) elevation focusing, in particular, on the contributions  of sympathetic nervous system activity, fasting plasma insulin, and  leptin to BP levels. The study design was longitudinal with a cohort of  1897 men. BP, pulse rate, body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma  norepinephrine (NE), insulin, and leptin were measured at 6  and 12 months in those 172 lean normotensive, 79 obese normotensive, 64  lean untreated hypertensive, and 38 obese untreated hypertensive men  whose BMI increased &gt;10% during the first 6 months. At entry, levels  of BP, pulse rate, plasma NE, insulin, and leptin in obese subjects,  regardless of BP status, were significantly greater than those in lean  subjects. The levels of plasma NE, insulin, and leptin increased with  weight gain in the 4 study groups. In the subjects with BP elevation,  the increase in pulse rate and plasma NE was significantly greater than  that in the subjects without BP elevation at both 6 and 12 months for  each of the 4 study groups, although the increase in BMI was similar  between the subjects with and without BP elevation. In obese but not  lean subjects, whether normotensive or hypertensive, the increases in  plasma insulin and plasma leptin with weight gain were greater in the  subjects with accompanying BP elevation compared with the subjects  without BP elevation. On the other hand, at 6 months in lean subjects,  the increase in plasma insulin with weight gain in the subjects with BP  elevation was actually lower than that in the subjects without BP  elevation. These results suggest that weight gain\u2013induced sympathetic  overactivity is more tightly linked to weight gain\u2013induced BP  elevation than the changes in plasma insulin and leptin that also  accompany weight gain. It is probable that sympathetic nervous  activation with weight gain is a major mechanism of blood pressure  elevation. Hyperinsulinemia and hyperleptinemia may  be ancillary factors that contribute to sympathetic nervous stimulation  with weight gain.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1161\/01.hyp.35.5.1135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,12]],"date-time":"2012-06-12T00:25:31Z","timestamp":1339460731000},"page":"1135-1140","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":103,"title":["Weight Gain\u2013Induced Blood Pressure Elevation"],"prefix":"10.1161","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Kazuko","family":"Masuo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Mikami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshio","family":"Ogihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael L.","family":"Tuck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2","first-page":"255","volume":"41","year":"1988","unstructured":"Manton KG. 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